Haushaltsgen

Ein Haushaltsgen (auch englisch housekeeping gene, nicht-reguliertes Gen, konstitutiv exprimiertes Gen) ist ein Gen, welches unabhängig von Zelltyp, Zellstadium und äußeren Einflüssen exprimiert wird (meistens basal), im Gegensatz zu den regulierten Genen.<ref name=":0"></ref><ref name="buch"></ref>

Haushaltsgene sind typischerweise Gene, die die Strukturmoleküle und Enzyme, die mit dem Grundstoffwechsel von Zellen zusammenhängen, beispielsweise mit dem Glukose-Stoffwechsel, codieren.<ref name="biochemie"></ref>

Sie enthalten oft keine TATA-Box, dafür aber CAAT- oder GC-Boxen.<ref name="Grundlagen"></ref> Die GC-Box (Sequenz GGGCGG) ist der Promotor von Haushaltsgenen.<ref name="Voet 1282">D. Voet, J. Voet: Biochemistry, 4. Aufl., Wiley, Weinheim 2011. ISBN 978-0-47057095-1. S. 1282.</ref>

Haushaltsgene des Menschen

Genexpression

Transkriptionsfaktoren

Datei:Protein SREBF1 PDB 1am9.png

SREBP Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein

• ATF4<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> aktivierender Transkriptionsfaktor 4
• BTF3<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• E2F4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ERH (Gen)<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Enhancer of rudimentary homolog of drosophila (wird benötigt für den ersten enzymatischen Schritt in der Pyrimidin-Synthese. Reguliert durch MITF)
• HMGB1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> High-Mobility-Group-Protein B1, bindet DNA
• ILF2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• IER2<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher ETR101 Immediate Early Protein
• JUND<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• LTBP4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• LMO1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Rhombotin 1
• MYC<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> bei Mutationen auch als Onkogen betrachtet. Reguliert die Transkription von 15 % aller Gene.
• PAX8<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PHF1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Plant homology domain
• PTTG1IP<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SREBF1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein Smith Magenis
• TBP<ref name="desperate" /> synonym TATA-binding protein oder GTF2D oder TFIID
• TCEB2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Elongin
• TCOF1<ref name="housekeeping" /> interagiert mit UBF

Repressoren

• ANF91, HPF7, HTF10<ref name="housekeeping" /> Kruppel Associated Box domain
• ID3 (gene)<ref name="housekeeping" /> hemmt die DNA-Bindung
• PUF60<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• NFKBIA<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Genprodukt IκBα hemmt NF-κB
• RING1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Spleißen

Datei:Protein SNRPB PDB 1d3b.png

Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-assoziierte Proteine B und B'

• ADAR<ref name="housekeeping" /> Genprodukt ist das Enzym DRADA
• BAT1<ref name="everycell" />
• FBL<ref name="housekeeping" /> Fibrillarin
• HNRPD<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• HNRPK<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• PTBP1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PABPN1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SFRS3<ref name="everycell" />
• SFRS9<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SFNRPA<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SNRPB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• SNRPD<ref name="everycell" />
• SNRPD2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• SNRPG<ref name="housekeeping" />

Translationsfaktoren

• EIF1A<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> aka SUI1
• EIF3C<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher EIF3S8
• EIF3D<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher EIF3S4
• EIF3F<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher EIF3S5
• EIF3I<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher EIF3S2
• EIF3G<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher EIF3S7
• EIF4A2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• EIF4G2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• TUFM<ref name="housekeeping" /> mitochondrialer Tu-Translations-Elongationsfaktor

tRNA-Synthetasen

Gene die für Aminoacyl-tRNA-Synthetasen codieren, auch mitochondriale (2):

• AARS Alanyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_001605
• AARSD1 Alanyl-tRNA-Synthetase-Domäne 1 enthaltend NM_001261434
• AARS2 Alanyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_020745

• CARS Cysteinyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_001751
• CARS2 Cysteinyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen) NM_024537

• DARS Aspartyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_001349
• DARS2 Aspartyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_018122

• EARS2 Glutamyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen) NM_001083614
• EPRS Bifunktionelle Glutamyl/Prolyl-tRNA-Synthetase

• FARSA Phenylalanyl-tRNA-Synthetase, alpha-Untereinheit NM_004461
• FARSB Phenylalanyl-tRNA-Synthetase, beta-Untereinheit NM_005687
• FARS2 Phenylalanyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_006567

• GARS Glycyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_002047

• HARS Histidyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_002109
• HARS2 Histidyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_012208

• IARS Isoleucyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_002161
• IARS2 Isoleucyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_018060

• KARS Lysyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_005548

• LARS Leucyl-tRNA-Synthetase
• LARS2 Leucyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_015340

• MARS Methionyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_004990
• MARS2 Methionyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_138395

• NARS Asparaginyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_004539
• NARS2 Asparaginyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen) NM_024678

• QARS Glutaminyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_005051

• PARS2 Prolinyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial (vorgeschlagen)

• RARS Arginyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_002884
• RARS2 Arginyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_020320

• SARS Seryl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_006513
• SARS2 Seryl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial

• TARS Threonyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_152295
• TARS2 Threonyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial

• VARS Valyl-tRNA-Synthetase
• VARS2 Valyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_020442

• TARS Tryptophanyl-tRNA-Synthetase
• WARS2 Tryptophanyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_015836<ref>Nadine Uphoff: „Ilvy ist eine richtige Kämpferin“, in: Lippische Landeszeitung, Ostern 2026, 260. Jahrgang, Nummer 79/14 vom 4. April 2026, S. 16.</ref>

• YARS Tyrosyl-tRNA-Synthetase NM_003680
• YARS2 Tyrosyl-tRNA-Synthetase 2, mitochondrial NM_001040436

RNA-bindende Proteine

• PABPC1<ref name="housekeeping" /> PolyA-bindendes Protein
• ELAVL3<ref name="housekeeping" />

Ribosomale Proteine

• RPL3<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL5<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL8<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL9<ref name="everycell" />
• RPL10<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL11<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL12<ref name="everycell" />
• RPL13<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL13A<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Introns enthalten Gene für small nucleolar RNAs U32, U33, U34 und U35
• RPL14<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL15<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL17<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL18<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL19<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL25<ref name="everycell" />
• RPL27<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL29<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL30<ref name="everycell" />
• RPL32<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL34<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL35<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL36<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL37<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPL38<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPL40<ref name="everycell" /> transkribiert mit Ubiquitin (vgl. FAU (gene))
• RPLP1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPLP2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS5<ref name="everycell" />
• RPS9<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS10<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS11<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS12<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS13<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPS14<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPS15<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS16<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPS18<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS19<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPS20<ref name="everycell" />
• RPS23<ref name="everycell" />
• RPS24<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RPS25<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• RPS26<ref name="everycell" />
• RPS27<ref name="everycell" /> transkribiert mit Ubiquitin (vgl. FAU (gene))
• RPS28<ref name="everycell" />
• RPS30<ref name="housekeeping" /> transkribiert mit Ubiquitin (vgl. FAU (gene))
• RPN1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Ribophorin verankert Ribosomen am endoplasmatischen Reticulum
• MRPL9<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />

RNA-Polymerasen

• POLR2A<ref name="housekeeping" />
• POLR2E<ref name="everycell" />
• POLR2J<ref name="everycell" />
• POLR2L<ref name="Hsiao">Vorlage:Cite book/URLVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/Meldung2</ref>

Proteinprozessierung

• Cyclophilin A<ref name="desperate" /> Serin/Threonin-Phosphatase-Inhibitor, beteiligt an der Proteinfaltung
• CANX<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Faltet Glycoproteine im Endoplasmatischen Reticulum
• CAPNS1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Calpain-Protease
• NACA<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Nascent Polypeptide-Associated Complex alpha Polypeptide
• PFDN1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Prefoldin 1
• PFDN5<ref name="housekeeping" /> Prefoldin 5
• SNX3<ref name="housekeeping" /> Sorting Nexin 3
• SNX17<ref name="everycell" />
• SNX27<ref name="everycell" />
• SSR2<ref name="housekeeping" /> Proteintranslokation im ER
• SUMO2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Protein-Targeting

Hitzeschockproteine

• HSPA8<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• HSP90AB1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• HSBP1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Histone

• CDH4<ref name="housekeeping" /> Nucleosom-Umbau
• HIST1H2BC<ref name="housekeeping" />
• H2AFY<ref name="housekeeping" /> Histone 2 Subfamily
• H2AFZ<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> essentiell bei der Embryogenese
• H3F3A<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> H3 Histone Family

Zellzyklus

• ARHGAP1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ARHGDIA<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• CENPB<ref name="housekeeping" /> Centromere protein B
• CTBP1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• Cyclophilin
• CCND3<ref name="housekeeping" />
• GAS1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Blockiert Eintritt in die S phase
• PPP2CB<ref name="housekeeping" /> Negative regulator of growth and cell division
• PPP2R1A<ref name="everycell" /> Negative regulator of growth and cell division
• RAD9<ref name="housekeeping" />
• KIAA0174<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> oder IST1 homolog (lokalisiert in der Teilungsebene teilender Zellen)

Apoptose

• DAD1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Defender against cell death
• DAP (gene)<ref name="housekeeping" />
• DAXX<ref name="housekeeping" /> Death Associated Protein 6

Onkogene

• ARAF<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MAZ<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• MYC<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> ein Transkriptionsfaktor<ref></ref>
• SAFB<ref name="housekeeping" />
• RAB1A<ref name="housekeeping" />

DNA-Reparatur und Replikation

• Ku80<ref name="housekeeping" /> synonym XRCC5
• MCM3AP<ref name="housekeeping" /> vermutlich eine Primase

Metabolismus

• PRKAG1<ref name="housekeeping" /> inaktiviert HMGCoA-Reduktase und Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase

Kohlenhydratmetabolismus

• PRKCSH<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Glucosidase 2, β-Untereinheit (aktiviert durch PKC)
• B4GALT2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• GUSB<ref name="desperate" /> β-Glucuronidase (Sly-Syndrom = Mucopolysaccharidose Typ VII)
• Chitinase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• 6-Phosphogluconat-Dehydrogenase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• GSK3A<ref name="housekeeping">Vorlage:Cite book/URLVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/Meldung2</ref>
• Hexokinase
• H6PD<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• Glucose-6-phosphat-Isomerase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• Phosphofructokinase 1<ref name="everycell">Vorlage:Cite book/URLVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/Meldung2</ref>
• Aldolase A<ref name="everycell" />
• Aldolase C<ref name="housekeeping" />
• Triosephosphatisomerase<ref name="everycell" />
• GAPDH<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /><ref name="desperate" />
• Phosphoglyceratkinase<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /><ref name="desperate" />
• Phosphoglyceratmutase<ref name="everycell" />
• Enolase<ref name="everycell" />
• PKM2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Pyruvat-Kinase im Muskel
• LDHB<ref name="housekeeping" /> Genprodukt L-Lactatdehydrogenase
• TALDO1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Transaldolase
• Transketolase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• TSTA3<ref name="housekeeping" /> Mannose-Metabolismus

Citratzyklus

• SDHA<ref name="housekeeping" /> Succinat-Dehydrogenase Untereinheit A
• MDH1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Malatdehydrogenase

Fettstoffwechsel

• GM2A<ref name="housekeeping" /> geringe Expression
• HADHA<ref name="housekeeping" /> Trifunktionales Protein Untereinheit α
• HADHB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Trifunktionales Protein Untereinheit β

Aminosäuremetabolismus

• COMT<ref name="housekeeping" /> Catechol-O-Methyltransferase
• GGTLA1<ref name="housekeeping" /> γ-Glutamyltransferase-ähnlich 1
• PHGDH<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Phosphoglyceratdehydrogenase
• ODC1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• TPMT<ref name="housekeeping" />

Nukleotidsynthese

• IMPDH2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Guaninnukleotidbiosynthese

NADH-Dehydrogenasen

• NDUFA1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFA2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFA7<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFB7<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFC1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFS5<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NDUFV2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• DIA1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Cytochrom-C-Oxidasen

(COX1, COX2 und COX3 werden im Mitochondrium codiert)

• COX4I1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• COX5A<ref name="housekeeping" />
• COX5B<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• COX6A1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• COX6B1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• COX7A2L<ref name="housekeeping" />
• COX7C<ref name="housekeeping" />
• COX8<ref name="housekeeping" />
• CYC1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UQCRC1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UQCRH<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UQCRQ<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />

ATPasen

Mitochondrial

• ATP5A1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5D<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5G1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5G3<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="desperate" />
• ATP5H<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5I<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5J2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP5O<ref name="housekeeping" />

Lysosomal

• ATP6IP1<ref name="housekeeping" />?
• ATP6V0B<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP6V0C<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP6V1E<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP6V1F<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ATP6V1G1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Lysosom

• CTSD,<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> baut in Hepatozyten Insulin ab
• Cystatin B,<ref name="housekeeping" /> schützt vermutlich die Zelle vor undichten Lysosomen
• LAMP1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• Mannose-6-phosphat-Rezeptor<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• SGSH,<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Mutationen können das Sanfilippo-Syndrom erzeugen

Proteasom

• PSMB1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMB2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMB4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMB6<ref name="everycell" />
• PSMA7<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMB7<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMD8<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSMD11<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PSME2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UBA1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• Ubiquitin B<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UBE2I<ref name="everycell" />
• UBE2D2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• UBE2M<ref name="housekeeping" />
• USP11<ref name="housekeeping" />

Ribonuklease

• RNH<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Ribonuklease-Hemmstoff

Oxidase/Reduktase

• TXN<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Thioreduktase

Strukturelle Proteine

Zytoskelett

• Actinin alpha 4<ref name="desperate" />
• ACTG1<ref name="housekeeping" /> gamma-Aktin
• ADD1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ANXA6<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ARPC4<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Actin-related protein 2/3 complex
• Beta-Aktin<ref name="desperate">Vorlage:Cite book/URLVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/MeldungVorlage:Cite book/Meldung2</ref>
• CAPZB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• COL6A1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• DNCL1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Cytoplasmic Dynein
• EZR<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Ezrin (verankert Aktin in der Zellmembran)
• KIFC3<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> kinesin
• Moesin<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MYH9<ref name="housekeeping" /> Myosin, heavy chain 9
• RHOA<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> vermutlich am Zellzyklus beteiligt
• SEPT1<ref name="housekeeping" /> homolog zu CDC10 in S. cerevesiae
• SEPT2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SLC9A3R2<ref name="housekeeping" /> bindet SLC9A3 an das Zytoskelett
• TAGLN<ref name="housekeeping" />
• TAGLN2<ref name="everycell" />
• TMSB10<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Thymosin β10
• TUBB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Tubulin, beta-Polypeptid
• TUBB4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• WDR1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />

Organellsynthese

Eine spezielle Form der Zellsignalisierung

• BLOC1S1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• AP2M1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ANXA2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ANXA6<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ANXA7<ref name="everycell" />
• AP1B1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Endozytose
• CLTA<ref name="housekeeping" /> Clathrin A (Vesikel)
• CLTB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Clathrin B (Vesikel)
• GP2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> enzymatische sekretorische Granula (v. a. im Pankreas)
• KDELR1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> KDEL-Rezeptor bindet ER-Proteine

Mitochondrium

• MTX1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Zelloberfläche

• AP2S1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• CD81<ref name="housekeeping" />
• GPAA1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• LGALS9<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MGAT1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• VAMP3<ref name="housekeeping" />

Zelladhäsion

• ADAM15<ref name="housekeeping" />
• Beta-catenin<ref name="housekeeping" />
• CNTN1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Contactin
• Delta-catenin<ref name="everycell" />

Kanäle und Transporter

• ABCG2<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher BCRP1 xenobiotic transporter, gering exprimiert
• CALM1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Calmodulin bindet Calciumionen
• CALM2<ref name="housekeeping" /> Calmodulin bindet Calciumionen
• HPCAL1<ref name="housekeeping" /> bindet Calciumionen; exprimiert v. a. in der Retina
• GRIK5<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MFSD10 aka TETRAN or tetracycline transporter-like protein<ref name="housekeeping" />
• TFRC<ref name="desperate" /> Transferrinrezeptor
• FOLR1<ref name="desperate" /> Folatrezeptor
• SLC25A11<ref name="housekeeping" /> mitochondrialer Oxoglutarat/Malat-Transporter

Rezeptoren

• ACVRL1<ref name="housekeeping" /> TGF-β-Rezeptorfamilie (Morbus Osler)
• CD23A<ref name="housekeeping" /> FCER2 low affinity IgE receptor (Lectin)
• GRM4<ref name="housekeeping" /> metabotoper Glutamatrezeptor
• JAG1<ref name="housekeeping" /> NOTCH2-Rezeptor assoziiert mit dem Alagille-Syndrom
• MC2R<ref name="housekeeping" /> Melanocortin-2-Rezeptor (ähnlich dem ACTH-Rezeptor)
• SSTR5<ref name="housekeeping" /> Somatostatin-Rezeptor; neigt dazu, andere Hormone hemmen

HLA, Immunoglobuline und Zellerkennung

• BAT1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• BSG<ref name="housekeeping" /> Basigin-Immunglobulin-Superfamilie, extrazelluläre Metalloproteinase
• B2M<ref name="desperate" /> β2-Mikroglobulin<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• HLA-C<ref name="housekeeping" />
• HLA-G<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MIF<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Macrophagenmigration inhibierender Faktor
• TAPBP<ref name="housekeeping" />

Kinasen und Signaltransduktion

• ADRBK1<ref name="housekeeping" /> mindert die Reaktion auf Epinephrin
• AGPAT1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> 3-Phosphoglycerol-Acyltransferase
• ARF1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• ARF3<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ARF4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ARF5<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• ARL2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> RAS-Superfamilie
• CSF1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Koloniestimulierender Faktor, gering exprimiert
• CSK C-src tyrosine kinase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• DCT<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Dopachrom-Tautomerase
• EFNA3<ref name="housekeeping" />
• FKBP1A<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• GDI1<ref name="housekeeping" /> GDI-Dissoziationsinhibitor (Rab-Familie)
• GNAS1<ref name="housekeeping" /> ubiquitär exprimiert, aber differentielles Imprinting
• GNAI2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• HAX1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> assoziiert mit Tyrosinkinasen
• ILK<ref name="housekeeping" /> Integrin linked kinase
• MAPKAPK2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• MAP2K2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• MAP3K11<ref name="housekeeping" />
• PITPNM<ref name="housekeeping" /> Phosphatidylinositol-Transfer-Proteine
• RAC1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Rho-GTPase
• RAP1B<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> GTPase, beteiligt an der Zelladhäsion
• RAGA<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Ras-verwandtes GTP-bindendes Protein
• STK19<ref name="housekeeping" />
• STK24<ref name="housekeeping" /> Serin/Threonin-Kinase
• STK25<ref name="everycell" />
• YWHAB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Tyrosin-3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan-5-Monooxygenase aktivierendes Protein, β-Polypeptid
• YWHAH<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Tyrosin-3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan-5-Monooxygenase aktivierendes Protein, h-Polypeptid
• YWHAQ<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Tyrosin-3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan-5-Monooxygenase aktivierendes Protein, θ-Polypeptid
• YWHAZ<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Tyrosin-3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan-5-Monooxygenase aktivierendes Protein, ζ-Polypeptid

Wachstumsfaktoren

• AIF1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• HDGF<ref name="housekeeping" /> Hepatom-abgeleiteter Wachstumsfaktor (transloziert zum Zellkern)
• HGS<ref name="housekeeping" />
• LTBP4<ref name="housekeeping" />
• VEGFB<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ZFP36L1<ref name="housekeeping" />

Gewebe-Nekrose-Faktoren

• CD40<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher TNFRSF5

Caseinkinasen

• CSNK1E<ref name="housekeeping" />
• CSNK2B<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />

Verschiedenes

• ALAS1 δ-Aminolävulinatsynthase Typ 1 (Typ 2 ist erythroid und mit Porphyrie assoziiert)
• ARHGEF2<ref name="housekeeping" /> Guanin-Nukleotid-Austauschfaktor
• ARMET<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Mesencephalere Astrozyten-abgeleiteter neurotropher Faktor
• AES<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Amino-terminal Enhancer of Split
• BECN1<ref name="housekeeping" /> beteiligt an der Autophagie
• BUD31<ref name="housekeeping" /> früher Maternal G10 transcript
• Creatine kinase<ref name="housekeeping" /> CKB (ATP-Reservoir)
• Cytidine deaminase<ref name="housekeeping" />
• CPNE1<ref name="housekeeping" />
• ENSA (gene)<ref name="housekeeping" />
• FTH1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Ferritin schwere Kette
• GDI2<ref name="housekeeping" /> rab/ras vesikulärer Transport
• GUK1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Guanylatkinase
• HPRT<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="desperate" /> Hypoxanthin-Guanin-Phosphoribosyltransferase
• IFITM1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Induced by interferon, transmembrane protein
• JTB (gene)<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Jumping translocation breakpoint
• MMPL2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• NME2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> (früher NM23B) Nukleosid-Diphosphat-Kinase
• NONO<ref name="housekeeping" />
• P4HB<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" />
• PRDX1<ref name="housekeeping" /> Peroxiredoxin (reduziert Peroxide)
• PTMA<ref name="housekeeping" /> Prothymosin
• RPA2<ref name="housekeeping" /> Bindet DNA während der Replikation und streckt sie
• SULT1A3<ref name="housekeeping" /> Sulfotransferase
• SYNGR2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Synaptogyrin (nimmt möglicherweise an der Vesikeltranslokation teil)
• Tetratricopeptide, TTC1<ref name="housekeeping" /> small glutamine rich tetratricopeptide

Offene Leseraster

• C11Orf13<ref name="housekeeping" />
• C14orf2<ref name="housekeeping" />
• C21orf33<ref name="housekeeping" />

Begrenzt auf Spermien oder Hoden

• SPAG7<ref name="housekeeping" />
• SRM<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Spermidinsynthase
• TEGT<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Bax-Inhibitor 1
• DAZAP2<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Gendeletion im Fall von Azoospermie
• MEA1<ref name="housekeeping" /><ref name="everycell" /> Male Enhanced Antigen 1

Weblinks

• Datenbank: Housekeeping and Reference Transcript Atlas (HRT Atlas)

Einzelnachweise

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