Messier 55
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| Kugelsternhaufen {{#if:Messier 55|Messier 55|Messier 55}} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| {{#ifexist:Media:Datei:M55-3point6-m copy.jpg|[[Datei:Datei:M55-3point6-m copy.jpg|300px|zentriert|alt=|Aufnahme mit dem 3,6-m-Teleskop der ESO am La-Silla-Observatorium]]|Datei:M55-3point6-m copy.jpg}} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aufnahme mit dem 3,6-m-Teleskop der ESO am La-Silla-Observatorium | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vorlage:AladinLite | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sternbild | {{#switch:sgr | and = Andromeda | ant = Luftpumpe | aps = Paradiesvogel | aql = Adler | aqr = Wassermann | ara = Altar | ari = Widder | aur = Fuhrmann | boo = Bärenhüter | cae = Grabstichel | cam = Giraffe | cap = Steinbock | car = Kiel des Schiffs | cas = Kassiopeia | cen = Zentaur | cep = Kepheus | cet = Walfisch | cha = Chamäleon | cir = Zirkel | cma = Großer Hund | cmi = Kleiner Hund | cnc = Krebs | col = Taube | com = Haar der Berenike | cra = Südliche Krone | crb = Nördliche Krone | crt = Becher | cru = Kreuz des Südens | crv = Rabe | cvn = Jagdhunde | cyg = Schwan | del = Delphin | dor = Schwertfisch | dra = Drache | equ = Füllen | eri = Eridanus | for = Chemischer Ofen | gem = Zwillinge | gru = Kranich | her = Herkules | hor = Pendeluhr | hya = Wasserschlange | hyi = Kleine Wasserschlange | ind = Indus | lac = Eidechse | leo = Löwe | lep = Hase | lib = Waage | lmi = Kleiner Löwe | lup = Wolf | lyn = Luchs | lyr = Leier | men = Tafelberg | mic = Mikroskop | mon = Einhorn | mus = Fliege | nor = Winkelmaß | oct = Oktant | oph = Schlangenträger | ori = Orion | pav = Pfau | peg = Pegasus | per = Perseus | phe = Phönix | pic = Maler | psa = Südlicher Fisch | psc = Fische | pup = Achterdeck des Schiffs | pyx = Schiffskompass | ret = Netz | scl = Bildhauer | sco = Skorpion | sct = Schild | ser = Schlange | sex = Sextant | sge = Pfeil | sgr = Schütze | tau = Stier | tel = Teleskop | tra = Südliches Dreieck | tri = Dreieck | tuc = Tukan | uma = Großer Bär | umi = Kleiner Bär | vel = Segel des Schiffs | vir = Jungfrau | vol = Fliegender Fisch | vul = Fuchs | #default = Kürzel fehlt oder falsch!
}} |
| Position Äquinoktium: J2000.0, Epoche: J2000.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rektaszension | {{#if:19/40/00|Vorlage:RektaszensionEasy <ref name="simbad">SIMBAD</ref>|}} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deklination | {{#if:−/30/57.9|Vorlage:DeklinationEasy <ref name="simbad">SIMBAD</ref>|}} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Erscheinungsbild | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konzentrationsklasse | XI <ref name="NED">NED data for the Messier Objects</ref> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helligkeit (visuell) | 7,42 mag <ref name="simbad"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helligkeit (B-Band) | 8,12 mag <ref name="simbad"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winkelausdehnung | 19′ <ref name="seds">SEDS</ref> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winkelausdehnung | {{#iferror: {{#if:{{#ifeq:/ | 1|{{#expr:1+2}}}} | 1|{{#expr:1+2}}}}
}} | Vorlage:FormatNumDef′ × Vorlage:FormatNumDef′ |Vorlage:FormatNumDef′ × Vorlage:FormatNumDef′}} | {{{Winkelausdehnung}}} }} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flächenhelligkeit | mag/arcmin² | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Farbexzess E(B-V) (Rötung) |
0,07 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Physikalische Daten | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zugehörigkeit | Milchstraße | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Integrierter Spektraltyp | F4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rotverschiebung | +0,000584 ± 0,000001 <ref name="simbad"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Radialgeschwindigkeit | {{#invoke:FormatNum|minus|(+174,9 ± 0,4)|1}} km/s <ref name="simbad"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entfernung | {{#if:17300|{{#if:{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:R+ | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|{{#invoke:Measure|Masz}}|17300 Lj}}{{#if:5300|{{#if:y| (| (}}{{#if:{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:R+ |
R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|{{#invoke:Measure|Masz}}|5300 pc}}{{#if:y|)|)}}}}|{{#if:{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:R+ | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|{{#invoke:Measure|Masz}}|5300 pc}} }}{{#if:<ref name="seds"/>| <ref name="seds"/>|}} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Absolute Helligkeit | mag | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Masse | M☉ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durchmesser | 100 Lj <ref name="apod"/> | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kernradius | {{{Kernradius}}} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gezeitenradius | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Konzentration lg(rt/rc) | 0,76 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alter | Jahre | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Metallizität [Fe/H] | −1,81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| {{#if:6809|Geschichte|Geschichte}} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entdeckung | Nicolas Louis de Lacaille | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entdeckungsdatum | 1751<ref>https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc68.htm#6809</ref> {{#if:1751<ref>https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc68.htm#6809</ref>|Vorlage:Infobox Astronomie/Entdeckungskategorie}} | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Katalogbezeichnungen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| {{#if:55| M 55 •}}{{#if:6809| NGC 6809 •}}{{#if:| IC {{{IC}}} •}}{{#if:1936-310| C 1936-310 •}}{{#if:113| GCl 113 •}}{{#if:| ESO {{{ESO}}} •}}{{#if:| IRAS {{{IRAS}}} •}}{{#if:| Mel {{{Mel}}} •}}{{#if:| Dun {{{Dun}}} •}}{{#if:| GC {{{GC}}} •}}{{#if:| }} | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{{#if:||{{#if:{{#switch:
|and = Andromeda |ant = Luftpumpe |aps = Paradiesvogel |aql = Adler |aqr = Wassermann |ara = Altar |ari = Widder |aur = Fuhrmann |boo = Bärenhüter |cae = Grabstichel |cam = Giraffe |cap = Steinbock |car = Kiel des Schiffs |cas = Kassiopeia |cen = Zentaur |cep = Kepheus |cet = Walfisch |cha = Chamäleon |cir = Zirkel |cma = Großer Hund |cmi = Kleiner Hund |cnc = Krebs |col = Taube |com = Haar der Berenike |cra = Südliche Krone |crb = Nördliche Krone |crt = Becher |cru = Kreuz des Südens |crv = Rabe |cvn = Jagdhunde |cyg = Schwan |del = Delphin |dor = Schwertfisch |dra = Drache |equ = Füllen |eri = Eridanus |for = Chemischer Ofen |gem = Zwillinge |gru = Kranich |her = Herkules |hor = Pendeluhr |hya = Wasserschlange |hyi = Kleine Wasserschlange |ind = Indus |lac = Eidechse |leo = Löwe |lep = Hase |lib = Waage |lmi = Kleiner Löwe |lup = Wolf |lyn = Luchs |lyr = Leier |men = Tafelberg |mic = Mikroskop |mon = Einhorn |mus = Fliege |nor = Winkelmaß |oct = Oktant |oph = Schlangenträger |ori = Orion |pav = Pfau |peg = Pegasus |per = Perseus |phe = Phönix |pic = Maler |psa = Südlicher Fisch |psc = Fische |pup = Achterdeck des Schiffs |pyx = Schiffskompass |ret = Netz |scl = Bildhauer |sco = Skorpion |sct = Schild |ser = Schlange |sex = Sextant |sge = Pfeil |sgr = Schütze |tau = Stier |tel = Teleskop |tra = Südliches Dreieck |tri = Dreieck |tuc = Tukan |uma = Großer Bär |umi = Kleiner Bär |vel = Segel des Schiffs |vir = Jungfrau |vol = Fliegender Fisch |vul = Fuchs |#default = Kürzel fehlt oder falsch! }}|{{#switch:sgr |and = [[Kategorie:Andromeda (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ant = [[Kategorie:Luftpumpe (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |aps = [[Kategorie:Paradiesvogel (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |aql = [[Kategorie:Adler (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |aqr = [[Kategorie:Wassermann (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ara = [[Kategorie:Altar (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ari = [[Kategorie:Widder (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |aur = [[Kategorie:Fuhrmann (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |boo = [[Kategorie:Bärenhüter{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cae = [[Kategorie:Grabstichel (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cam = [[Kategorie:Giraffe (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cap = [[Kategorie:Steinbock (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |car = [[Kategorie:Kiel des Schiffs{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cas = [[Kategorie:Kassiopeia (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cen = [[Kategorie:Zentaur (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cep = [[Kategorie:Kepheus (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cet = [[Kategorie:Walfisch (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cha = [[Kategorie:Chamäleon (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cir = [[Kategorie:Zirkel (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cma = [[Kategorie:Großer Hund{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cmi = [[Kategorie:Kleiner Hund{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cnc = [[Kategorie:Krebs (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |col = [[Kategorie:Taube (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |com = [[Kategorie:Haar der Berenike{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cra = [[Kategorie:Südliche Krone{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |crb = [[Kategorie:Nördliche Krone{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |crt = [[Kategorie:Becher (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cru = [[Kategorie:Kreuz des Südens{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |crv = [[Kategorie:Rabe (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cvn = [[Kategorie:Jagdhunde (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |cyg = [[Kategorie:Schwan (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |del = [[Kategorie:Delphin (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |dor = [[Kategorie:Schwertfisch (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |dra = [[Kategorie:Drache (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |equ = [[Kategorie:Füllen (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |eri = [[Kategorie:Eridanus (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |for = [[Kategorie:Chemischer Ofen{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |gem = [[Kategorie:Zwillinge (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |gru = [[Kategorie:Kranich (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |her = [[Kategorie:Herkules (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |hor = [[Kategorie:Pendeluhr (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |hya = [[Kategorie:Wasserschlange (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |hyi = [[Kategorie:Kleine Wasserschlange{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ind = [[Kategorie:Indianer (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lac = [[Kategorie:Eidechse (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |leo = [[Kategorie:Löwe (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lep = [[Kategorie:Hase (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lib = [[Kategorie:Waage (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lmi = [[Kategorie:Kleiner Löwe{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lup = [[Kategorie:Wolf (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lyn = [[Kategorie:Luchs (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |lyr = [[Kategorie:Leier (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |men = [[Kategorie:Tafelberg (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |mic = [[Kategorie:Mikroskop (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |mon = [[Kategorie:Einhorn (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |mus = [[Kategorie:Fliege (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |nor = [[Kategorie:Winkelmaß (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |oct = [[Kategorie:Oktant (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |oph = [[Kategorie:Schlangenträger{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ori = [[Kategorie:Orion (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |pav = [[Kategorie:Pfau (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |peg = [[Kategorie:Pegasus (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |per = [[Kategorie:Perseus (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |phe = [[Kategorie:Phönix (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |pic = [[Kategorie:Maler (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |psa = [[Kategorie:Südlicher Fisch{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |psc = [[Kategorie:Fische (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |pup = [[Kategorie:Achterdeck des Schiffs{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |pyx = [[Kategorie:Schiffskompass (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ret = [[Kategorie:Netz (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |scl = [[Kategorie:Bildhauer (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |sco = [[Kategorie:Skorpion (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |sct = [[Kategorie:Schild (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |ser = [[Kategorie:Schlange (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |sex = [[Kategorie:Sextant (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |sge = [[Kategorie:Pfeil (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |sgr = [[Kategorie:Schütze (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |tau = [[Kategorie:Stier (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |tel = [[Kategorie:Teleskop (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |tra = [[Kategorie:Südliches Dreieck{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |tri = [[Kategorie:Dreieck (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |tuc = [[Kategorie:Tukan (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |uma = [[Kategorie:Großer Bär{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |umi = [[Kategorie:Kleiner Bär{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |vel = [[Kategorie:Segel des Schiffs{{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |vir = [[Kategorie:Jungfrau (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |vol = [[Kategorie:Fliegender Fisch (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |vul = [[Kategorie:Fuchs (Sternbild){{#if:||{{{2}}}}}]] |nav = |#default = {{#if:||}} }}|}}{{#if:|}}{{#if:6809|}}{{#if:|}}{{#if:|}}}} Messier 55 (auch als NGC 6809 bezeichnet) ist ein 7,4 mag heller Kugelsternhaufen mit einer Winkelausdehnung von 19′ im Sternbild Schütze. Sein Durchmesser beträgt rund 100 Lichtjahre und er ist etwa 17.000 Lichtjahre von uns entfernt.
Die 100.000 Sterne, aus denen Messier 55 besteht, kommen zusammen auf etwa 270.000 Sonnenmassen.<ref name="apod">M55: Globular Star Cluster (Astronomy Picture of the Day vom 18. September 2004)</ref> Besonders ist an diesen Sternen nicht nur, dass sie in einem vergleichsweise kleinen Volumen zusammengedrängt sind, sie zählen auch mit ihren rund zehn Milliarden Jahren zu den ältesten Sternen im Universum. Sie entstanden nahezu gleichzeitig aus einer Gaswolke in der Frühzeit unserer Milchstraße und bestehen hauptsächlich aus Wasserstoff und Helium. Schwerere Elemente wie Sauerstoff und Stickstoff waren zu der Zeit wesentlich seltener als heute.
Wegen seiner südlichen Position ist dieser Sternhaufen von Mitteleuropa aus schwer zu finden.
Die ersten dokumentierten Beobachtungen dieses Himmelsobjekts stammen aus dem Jahr 1751 vom französischen Astronomen Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Charles Messier übernahm den Sternhaufen 26 Jahre später in seinen Katalog.<ref>https://www.eso.org/public/germany/news/eso1220/</ref><ref>Benjamin Knispel: Sternenball im Schützen; in: Sterne und Weltraum, Juli 2012, S. 12</ref>
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Infrarotaufnahme mit VISTA
Weblinks
- M55 bei SEDS (englisch)
- ESO: VISTA wirft einen Blick auf einen gigantischen Ball aus Sternen 9. Mai 2012
- astronews.de: Bild des Tages 9. Oktober 2013
- Spektrum.de: Amateuraufnahmen [1]
Einzelnachweise
<references />
Vorlage:BoxenVerschmelzen {{safesubst:#ifeq:0|10| {{#switch: Messier 55 |Navigationsleiste|NaviBlock|0=|#default= Vorlage:Templatetransclusioncheck Vorlage:Dokumentation/ruler }}}}Vorlage:Klappleiste/Anfang {{#if:
|
{{#ifexpr: 1*55
> 1|Vorgänger im Katalog: [[Messier {{#expr:1*55
-1}}|M {{#expr:1*55 -1}}]]}} | Messier 55 | {{#ifexpr: 1*55
< 110|Nachfolger im Katalog: [[Messier {{#expr:1*55
+1}}|M {{#expr:1*55 +1}}]]}} |
Bildauswahl. Bitte das gewünschte Objekt anklicken
|
{{#ifexpr: 1*55
> 1|Vorgänger im Katalog: [[Messier {{#expr:1*55
-1}}|M {{#expr:1*55 -1}}]]}} | Messier 55 | {{#ifexpr: 1*55
< 110|Nachfolger im Katalog: [[Messier {{#expr:1*55
+1}}|M {{#expr:1*55 +1}}]]}} |
Bildauswahl. Bitte das gewünschte Objekt anklicken
}} Vorlage:Klappleiste/Ende{{#if:55 ||}} {{safesubst:#ifeq:0|10| {{#switch: Messier 55 |Navigationsleiste|NaviBlock|0=|#default= Vorlage:Templatetransclusioncheck Vorlage:Dokumentation/ruler }}}}Vorlage:Klappleiste/Anfang {{#if:
|
Gesamtliste
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Gesamtliste
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