Ziermotten

Ziermotten
	Datei:Scythris scopolella.jpg Scythris scopolella
Systematik
Klasse:	Insekten (Insecta)
Ordnung:	Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera)
Unterordnung:	Glossata
Überfamilie:	Gelechioidea
Familie:	Xyloryctidae
Unterfamilie:	Ziermotten
Wissenschaftlicher Name
	Scythridinae
	Rebel, 1901

Die Ziermotten (Scythridinae) sind eine Unterfamilie der Xyloryctidae. Die Unterfamilie ist weltweit mit ca. 370 Arten vertreten. In Europa sind bis jetzt über 200 Arten beschrieben,<ref name="Fauna" /> von denen in Mitteleuropa 52 Arten vorkommen.<ref name="www.lepiforum.de" /> Die Gattung Scythris ist dabei mit über 180 Vertretern die artenreichste Gattung.

Merkmale

Die Falter haben einen langgestreckten Körper und schmale Flügel, die am Außenrand gefranst sind. Der Penis der Männchen (Aedeagus) ist verhärtet. Manche Arten haben Punktaugen (Ocelli). Die weiblichen Geschlechtsorgane sind bei manchen Arten sehr einfach, bei anderen durch Zurückbildung und Zusammenwachsen verschiedener Strukturen sehr kompliziert gebaut. Der weibliche Samengang (Ductus seminalis) schließt breit an den hintersten Teil der Spermakammer (Corpus bursae) an.

Vorkommen

Das Hauptverbreitungsgebiet der Scythridinae ist die Holarktis.

Lebensweise

Die Raupen leben auf Blättern und Knospen, manche von ihnen als Minierer. Sie ernähren sich von ca. 20 verschiedenen Pflanzenfamilien, vor allem aber von Korbblütlern (Asteraceae) und Zistrosengewächsen (Cistaceae). Sie leben meist solitär, nur selten in Gruppen auf den Futterpflanzen und spinnen zu ihrem Schutz eine Behausung um ihren Körper, in die sie sich bei Gefahr ganz zurückziehen können.

Systematik (Mitteleuropa)

Gattung Apostibes

Apostibes raguae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997

Gattung Enolmis

Enolmis abenhumeya (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Agenjo, 1951)
Enolmis acanthella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Godart, 1824)
Enolmis agenjoi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1988
Enolmis bimerdella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)
Enolmis delicatella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rebel, 1901)
Enolmis desidella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lederer, 1855)
Enolmis nevadensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1997
Enolmis seeboldiella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Agenjo, 1951)
Enolmis sierraenevadae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1997
Enolmis userai (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Agenjo, 1962)
Enolmis vivesi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson & Passerin d’Entrèves, 1987

Gattung Episcythris

Episcythris triangulella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ragonot, 1874)

Gattung Eretmocera

Eretmocera medinella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)

Gattung Parascythris

Parascythris muelleri (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mann, 1871)

Gattung Scythris

Scythris acarioides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris acipenserella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris adustella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris aegrella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. Nupponen & Junnilainen, 2000
Scythris aenea <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1984
Scythris aerariella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris albidella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Stainton, 1867)
Scythris albisaxella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris albostriata <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hannemann, 1961
Scythris alseriella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Turati, 1879)
Scythris ambustella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris amphonycella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Geyer, 1836)
Scythris andersi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris anomaloptera (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1880)
Scythris apicalis (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1847)
Scythris apicistrigella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1870)
Scythris arachnodes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Walsingham, 1908
Scythris arenbergeri <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1986
Scythris arerai <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Huemer, 2000
Scythris aspromontis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris balcanica <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris baldensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1979
Scythris bazaensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris bengtbengtssoni <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Vives, 1994
Scythris bengtssoni <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Patocka & Liska, 1989
Scythris bifissella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />O. Hofmann, 1889)
Scythris binotiferella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ragonot, 1880)
Scythris bolognella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris bornicensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1977
Scythris boseanella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Klimesch, 1986
Scythris braschiella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />O. Hofmann, 1897)
Scythris brunneofasciella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. Nupponen & Junnilainen, 2000
Scythris bubaniae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Walsingham, 1907
Scythris buszkoi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Baran, 2003
Scythris carboniella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris cicadella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1839)
Scythris cistorum (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Millière, 1876)
Scythris clavella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris confluens (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1870)
Scythris constanti <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Walsingham, 1898
Scythris corleyi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris corsa <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1986
Scythris crassiuscula (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris cretacella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris crypta <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hannemann, 1961
Scythris cupreella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)
Scythris cuspidella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Scythris cycladeae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris derrai <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris disparella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Tengström, 1848)
Scythris dissimilella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris dissitella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1847)
Scythris dorycniella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Millière, 1861)
Scythris eberhardi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris elegantella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />D. Lucas, 1955)
Scythris elenae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris emichi (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Anker, 1870)
Scythris empetrella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Karsholt & Nielsen, 1976
Scythris ericetella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Heinemann, 1872)
Scythris ericivorella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ragonot, 1880)
Scythris eversmanni <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris fallacella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Schläger, 1847)
Scythris fasciatella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ragonot, 1880)
Scythris flabella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mann, 1861)
Scythris flavidella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Preissecker, 1911
Scythris flavilaterella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fuchs, 1886)
Scythris flaviventrella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris fuscoaenea (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Haworth, 1828)
Scythris fuscopterella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1977
Scythris garciapitai <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Vives, 2001
Scythris glacialis (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Frey, 1870)
Scythris gladiella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Nupponen & Nupponen, 2004
Scythris gozmanyi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1986
Scythris grandipennis (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Haworth, 1828)
Scythris gratiosella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris gravatella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1847)
Scythris guimarensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris heinemanni (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Möschler, 1869)
Scythris hierroella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Klimesch, 1986
Scythris hornigii (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris hungaricella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rebel, 1917
Scythris iagella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Chrétien, 1925
Scythris iberica <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris imperiella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris inclusella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lederer, 1855
Scythris inertella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris inspersella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hübner, 1817)
Scythris insulella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)
Scythris jaeckhi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1989
Scythris karinae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris kasyi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hannemann, 1962
Scythris klimeschi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris knochella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fabricius, 1794)
Scythris lafauryi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1986
Scythris lagunae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris laminella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Scythris lampyrella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Constant, 1865)
Scythris langohri <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1990
Scythris lempkei <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson & Langohr, 1989
Scythris levantina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves & Vives, 1990
Scythris lhommei <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson & Passerin d’Entrèves, 1988
Scythris limbella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fabricius, 1775)
Scythris mariannae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris martini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris meanderis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris mediella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Constant, 1855)
Scythris mikkolai <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Sinev, 1993
Scythris minima <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris moldavicella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Caradja, 1905
Scythris mus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Walsingham, 1898
Scythris nevadensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1990
Scythris nieukerkeni <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1989
Scythris nigrella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris noricella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1843)
Scythris obscurella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Scopoli, 1763)
Scythris oelandicella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Müller-Rutz, 1922
Scythris olschwangi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris palustris (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris parafuscoaenea <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris parnassiae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris pascuella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris paullella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris penicillata (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Chrétien, 1900)
Scythris perlucidella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris petrella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Walsingham, 1908
Scythris picaepennis (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Haworth, 1828)
Scythris pilella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris pinkeri <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Klimesch, 1986
Scythris platypyga (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1880)
Scythris podoliensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rebel, 1938
Scythris polycarpaeae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Klimesch, 1986
Scythris popescugorji <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1984
Scythris potentillella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1847)
Scythris productella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1839)
Scythris pseudoarachnodes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris pseudolocustella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves & Vives, 1990
Scythris pudorinella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Möschler, 1866)
Scythris pulicella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)
Scythris punctivittella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />O. Costa, 1836)
Scythris remexella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. Nupponen & Kaitila, 2000
Scythris ridiculella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Caradja, 1920
Scythris rondaensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris rouxella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Constant, 1865)
Scythris rubioi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Agenjo, 1962
Scythris saarelai <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 1999
Scythris salviella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Meess, 1910
Scythris sappadensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1992
Scythris satyrella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1880
Scythris saxella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris schawerdae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rebel, 1931
Scythris schleichiella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1870)
Scythris scipionella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)
Scythris scopolella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Linnaeus, 1767)
Scythris scorpionella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1977
Scythris seliniella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1839)
Scythris setiella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1870)
Scythris siccella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1839)
Scythris siculella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1977
Scythris similis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hannemann, 1961
Scythris sinensis (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)
Scythris skulei <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris speyeri (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Heinemann & Wocke, 1876)
Scythris staudingeri <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris subaerariella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Stainton, 1867)
Scythris subfasciata (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1880)
Scythris sublaminella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />K. & T. Nupponen, 2000
Scythris subschleichiella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hannemann, 1961
Scythris subseliniella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Heinemann, 1876)
Scythris subsiccella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1997
Scythris tabescentella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1880)
Scythris tabidella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Scythris tauromeniella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves & Roggero, 2004
Scythris taygeticola <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Scholz, 1997
Scythris tenuivittella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Stainton, 1867)
Scythris tergestinella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1855)
Scythris traugotti <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1991
Scythris tremalzoi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bengtsson, 1992
Scythris tributella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zeller, 1847)
Scythris trinacriae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1984
Scythris vartianae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kasy, 1962
Scythris veletae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Passerin d’Entrèves, 1990
Scythris ventosella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Chrétien, 1907
Scythris vernusella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jäckh, 1978
Scythris villari <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Agenjo, 1971
Scythris vittella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />O. Costa, 1834)
Scythris xanthopygella (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Staudinger, 1859)

Belege

Einzelnachweise

<references> <ref name="Fauna"> Scythrididae bei Fauna Europaea. Archiviert vom Original im Internet Archive. Abgerufen am Vorlage:FormatDateSimple </ref> <ref name="www.lepiforum.de"> Scythrididae. Lepiforum e.V., abgerufen am 25. Dezember 2006. </ref> </references>

Literatur

Thomas Kaltenbach, Peter Victor Küppers: Kleinschmetterlinge. Verlag J. Neudamm-Neudamm, Melsungen 1987, ISBN 3-7888-0510-2.

Weblinks

www.lepiforum: Taxonomie und Fotos