Eigentliche Nattern
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| Eigentliche Nattern | ||||||||||||
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| Datei:CoronellaAustriaca2.jpg
Schlingnatter (Coronella austriaca) | ||||||||||||
| Systematik | ||||||||||||
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| Wissenschaftlicher Name | ||||||||||||
| Colubrinae | ||||||||||||
| Oppel, 1811 |
Die Eigentlichen Nattern oder Land- und Baumnattern (Colubrinae) sind eine Unterfamilie der Nattern (Colubridae). Sie weisen vielfältig gestaltete Lendenwirbel auf, die im Gegensatz zu denen der Natricinae aber nie Hypapophysen (ventrale Fortsätze des Wirbelkörpers) aufweisen. Im Gegensatz zu den Dipsadinae weisen sie keine flachen Wirbelbögen zusammen mit einem breiten abwärts gerichteten Kiel auf.<ref></ref> Die Eigentlichen Nattern sind die größte Unterfamilie der Nattern, die genaue Zahl der ihnen zugerechneten Gattungen variiert dabei abhängig von der zu Grunde liegenden Systematik. Unter die Colubrinae fallen auch bekannte Schlangengattungen wie die Zornnattern, die Afrikanischen Eierschlangen oder die Königsnattern.
Gattungen
Die Gattungen der Colubrinae nach The Reptile Database<ref>Colubrinae In: The Reptile Database</ref>:
- Aeluroglena <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Boulenger, 1898
- Aprosdoketophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wallach, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lanza & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Nistri, 2010
- Argyrogena <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Werner, 1924
- Arizonanatter (Arizona <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kennicott, 1859)
- Bamanophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Schätti & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Trape, 2008
- Nordamerikanische Rattennattern (Bogertophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Dowling & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Price, 1988)
- Nachtbaumnattern (Boiga <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1826)
- Scharlachnatter (Cemophora <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1860)
- Chapinophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Campbell & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Smith, 1998
- Chilomeniscus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1860
- Chionactis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1860, z. B. Westliche Schaufelnasen-Wühlnatter (C. occipitalis)
- Chironius <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1826, z. B. Chironius laurenti
- Coelognathus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Zornnattern (Coluber <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Linnaeus, 1758)
- Colubroelaps <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Orlov, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kharin, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ananjeva, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Thien Tao & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Quang Truong, 2009
- Conopsis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1858
- Glattnattern (Coronella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Laurenti, 1768)
- Crotaphopeltis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Cyclophiops <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Boulenger, 1888
- Afrikanische Eierschlangen (Dasypeltis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830)
- Dendrophidion <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Dinodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Duméril, 1853
- Dipsadoboa <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1858
- Boomslang (Dispholidus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzsimons & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brain, 1958)
- Dolichophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Gistel, 1868, z. B. Pfeilnatter (D. jugularis)
- Drymarchon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Rennnattern (Drymobius <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843)
- Drymoluber <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Amaral, 1929
- Dryocalamus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1858
- Zwergnattern (Eirenis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jan, 1862), z. B. Kopfbinden-Zwergnatter (E. modestus)
- Indische Eierschlange (Elachistodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Reinhardt, 1863)
- Elaphe <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger in <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1833, z. B. Vierstreifennatter (E. quatuorlineata) und Fleckennatter (E. sauromates)
- Euprepiophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Ficimia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Gray, 1849
- Geagras <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1876
- Gonyophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Boulenger, 1891
- Gonyosoma <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1828, z. B. Spitzkopfnatter (G. oxycephalum)
- Gyalopion <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1860
- Hapsidophrys <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fischer, 1856
- Hemerophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Schätti & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Utiger, 2001
- Hemorrhois <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Boie, 1826, z. B. Hufeisennatter (H. hippocrepis), Münzennatter (H. nummifer) und Ravergiers Zornnatter (Hemorrhois ravergieri)
- Hierophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Königsnattern (Lampropeltis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843)
- Leptodrymus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Amaral, 1927
- Leptophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bell, 1825
- Lepturophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Boulenger, 1900
- Limnophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1865
- Liopeltis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Wolfszahnnattern (Lycodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1826)
- Lytorhynchus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Peters, 1862
- Macroprotodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Guichenot, 1850
- Maculophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Burbrink & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lawson, 2007
- Mastigodryas <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Amaral, 1935
- Meizodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fischer, 1856
- Mopanveldophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Figueroa, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />McKelvy, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Grismer, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bell & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lailvaux, 2016
- Oligodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1826<ref>Bzgl. Oligodon fasciolatus siehe auch Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schwarznarbenkröte) zu:
- H. Bringsøe et al.: Eviscerated alive: Novel and macabre feeding strategy in Oligodon fasciolatus (Günther, 1864) eating organs of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) in Thailand, in: Herpetozoa, 11. September 2020, doi:10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e57096.
- Erin Garcia de Jesus: This snake rips a hole in living toads’ stomachs to feast on their organs, auf: ScienceNews, 2. Oktober 2020 (englisch)</ref>
- Oocatochus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Helfenberger, 2001
- Grasnattern (Opheodrys <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843)
- Oreocryptophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Utiger, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Schätti & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Helfenberger, 2005
- Orthriophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Utiger et al., 2002
- Oxybelis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830
- Amerikanische Kletternattern (Pantherophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843), z. B. Kornnatter (P. guttatus)
- Philothamnus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Smith, 1840, z B. Gefleckte Buschschlange (P. semivariegatus)
- Phyllorhynchus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Stejneger, 1890
- Pituophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Holbrook, 1842
- Platyceps <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Blyth, 1860, z. B. Schlanknatter (P. najadum)
- Pliocercus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1860
- Psammodynastes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1858
- Mexikanische Nachtnatter (Pseudelaphe <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mertens & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rosenberg, 1943)
- Pseudoficimia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bocourt, 1883
- Pseustes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Ptyas <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Rhadinophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Williams & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wallach, 1989
- Rhamnophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1862
- Treppennatter (Rhinechis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843)
- Rhinobothryum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830
- Rhinocheilus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Baird & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Girard, 1853
- Rhynchocalamus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther , 1864
- Rhynchophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mocquard, 1897, z. B. Spitznasennatter (Rh. boulengeri)
- Salvadora <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Baird & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Girard, 1853
- Scaphiophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Peters, 1870
- Scolecophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Senticolis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Campbell & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Howell, 1965
- Sibynophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fitzinger, 1843
- Simophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Peters, 1860
- Sonora <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Baird & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Girard, 1843
- Spalerosophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jan, 1865
- Stichophanes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wang, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Messenger, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zhao & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Zhu, 2014<ref>Xiaohe Wang, Kevin Messenger, Ermi Zhao, Chaodong Zhu: <templatestyles src="Webarchiv/styles.css" />Reclassification of Oligodon ningshaanensis Yuan, 1983 (Ophidia: Colubridae) into a New Genus, Stichophanes gen. nov. with Description on Its Malacophagous Behavior. ( vom 6. Oktober 2014 im Internet Archive) In: Asian Herpetological Research. Band 5, Nr. 3, 2014, S. 137–149. Aufgerufen am 4. Oktober 2020.</ref>
- Hühnerfresser (Spilotes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830)
- Schiefernattern (Stegonotus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Duméril, <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Bibron & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Duméril, 1854)
- Stenorrhina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Duméril, 1853
- Symphimus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1869
- Sympholis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1861
- Tantilla <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Baird & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Girard, 1853
- Tantillita <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Smith, 1941
- Telescopus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830, z. B. Israelische Katzennatter (Telescopus dhara)
- Thelotornis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Laurenti, 1768
- Thrasops <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hallowell, 1857
- Toxicodryas <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Hallowell, 1857
- Trimorphodon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cope, 1861
- Xenelaphis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Günther, 1864
- Xyelodontophis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Broadley & <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wallach, 2002
- Zamenis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Wagler, 1830, z. B. Äskulapnatter (Z. longissimus)
Nachweise
<references />
Weblinks
Commons: Eigentliche Nattern (Colubrinae) – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
