Crabroninae

Crabroninae
	Datei:Tachytes sp orange.jpg Grabwespe der Gattung Tachytes
Systematik
Unterordnung:	Taillenwespen (Apocrita)
Teilordnung:	Stechimmen (Aculeata)
Überfamilie:	Apoidea
ohne Rang:	Grabwespen (Spheciformes)
Familie:	Crabronidae
Unterfamilie:	Crabroninae
Wissenschaftlicher Name
	Crabroninae
	Latreille, 1802

Datei:Organ Pipe Wasp nest.jpg

Nest von Trypoxylon politum

Crabroninae ist mit weltweit etwa 2000 Arten die artenreichste Unterfamilie der Crabronidae innerhalb der Grabwespen (Spheciformes). Sie umfasst nach Pulawski (2009) 107 Gattungen in sieben Triben.<ref name="Pulawski">Wojciech J. Pulawski: Family group names and classification, Version 22. Mai 2009, Online (PDF; 389 kB), letzter Zugriff 5. Juli 2010.</ref> In Europa ist die Unterfamilie mit 318 Arten in 28 Gattungen vertreten.<ref name="www.faunaeur.org">Crabroninae. Fauna Europaea, abgerufen am 22. Juli 2010. </ref> Zwei Triben sind neotropisch verbreitet, die restlichen haben ihre Verbreitung in der Alten Welt. Das Hauptverbreitungsgebiet ist Afrika.<ref name="Blösch"></ref>

Merkmale

Die Unterfamilie Crabroninae umfasst eine große Gruppe von Grabwespen unterschiedlichster Gestalt. Von den übrigen Unterfamilien unterscheidet sie sich durch nur einen Sporn an den Schienen (Tibien) der mittleren Beine und einfache männliche Genitalien, bei denen die Volsella nicht aus Cuspis und beweglichem Digitus besteht.<ref name="Blösch" />

Systematik

Im Folgenden werden alle derzeit anerkannten rezenten Subtaxa<ref name="Pulawski" /> bis hinunter zur Gattung sowie sämtliche europäischen Arten aufgelistet, wenn diese noch keinen eigenen Gattungsartikel besitzen:

Tribus Bothynostethini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1894
- Subtribus Bothynostethina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1894
  - Bothynostethus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1894
  - Sanaviron <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Vardy, 1987
  - Willinkiella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1968
- Subtribus Scapheutina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1968
  - Bohartella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1968
  - Scapheutes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Handlirsch, 1887

Tribus Crabronini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1802
- Subtribus Anacrabronina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ashmead, 1899
  - Anacrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Packard, 1866
  - Encopognathus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1897
    - Encopognathus braunsi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mercet, 1915
  - Entomocrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1905
  - Entomognathus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Dahlbom, 1844
- Subtribus Crabronina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1802

- - Alinia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 1993
  - Arnoldita <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1948
  - Chimila <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1944
  - Chimiloides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1951
  - Crabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fabricius, 1775
  - Crorhopalum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Tsuneki, 1984
  - Crossocerus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835
  - Dasyproctus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835
    - Dasyproctus fortunatus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Beaumont, 1968
  - Echucoides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1957
  - Ectemnius <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Dahlbom, 1845
  - Enoplolindenius <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Rohwer, 1911
  - Eupliloides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1946
  - Foxita <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1942
  - Hingstoniola <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Turner & Waterston, 1926
  - Holcorhopalum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Cameron, 1904
  - Huacrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 2000
  - Huaeva <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1948
  - Isorhopalum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1963
  - Krombeinictus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1996
  - Leclercqia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Tsuneki, 1968
  - Lecrenierus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1977
  - Lestica <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Billberg, 1820
  - Lindenius <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau & Brullé, 1835
  - Minicrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 2003
  - Moniaecera <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ashmead, 1899
  - Neodasyproctus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Arnold, 1926
  - Notocrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1951
  - Odontocrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Tsuneki, 1971
  - Pae <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1944
  - Papurus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Tsuneki, 1983
  - Parataruma <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kimsey, 1982
  - Pericrabro <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1954
  - Piyuma <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1944
  - Piyumoides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1963
  - Podagritoides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1957
  - Podagritus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Spinola, 1851
  - Pseudoturneria <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1954
  - Quexua <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1942
  - Rhopalum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Stephens, 1829
  - Tracheliodes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />A. Morawitz, 1866
    - Tracheliodes curvitarsus (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Herrich-Schaeffer, 1841)
    - Tracheliodes quinquenotatus (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jurine, 1807)
    - Tracheliodes varus (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Panzer, 1799)
  - Tsunekiola <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 1986
  - Vechtia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1944,
  - Williamsita <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1947
  - Zutrhopalum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leclercq, 1998

Tribus Larrini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1810
- Subtribus Gastrosericina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />André, 1886

- - Ancistromma <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1893
  - Gastrosericus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Spinola, 1839
    - Gastrosericus waltlii <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Spinola, 1839
  - Holotachysphex <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />de Beaumont, 1940
    - Holotachysphex holognathus (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Morice, 1897)
    - Holotachysphex mochii (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Beaumont, 1947)
  - Kohliella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1910
  - Larropsis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Patton, 1892
    - Larropsis asiatica (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Gussakovskij, 1935)
    - Larropsis europaeae (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mercet, 1910)
    - Larropsis punctulata (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1884)
  - Parapiagetia <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1897
  - Prosopigastra <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />A. Costa, 1867
    - Prosopigastra bulgarica <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pulawski, 1979
    - Prosopigastra creon (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Nurse, 1903)
    - Prosopigastra handlirschi <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Morice, 1897
    - Prosopigastra kohli <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Mercet, 1907
    - Prosopigastra orientalis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Beaumont, 1947
    - Prosopigastra punctatissima <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />A. Costa, 1867
    - Prosopigastra zalinda <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Beaumont, 1955
  - Tachysphex <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1883
  - Tachytella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1906
  - Tachytes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Panzer, 1806

- Subtribus Larrina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1810
  - Dalara <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Ritsema, 1884
  - Dicranorhina <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Shuckard, 1840
  - Larra <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fabricius, 1793
  - Liris <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Fabricius, 1804
  - Paraliris <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1884

Tribus Miscophini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1894

- - Aha <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1977
  - Auchenophorus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />R. Turner, 1907
  - Larrisson <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1967
  - Lyroda <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Say, 1837
  - Miscophoidellus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1976
  - Miscophoides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1897
  - Miscophus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jurine, 1807
  - Namiscophus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lomholdt, 1985
  - Nitela <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1809
  - Paranysson <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Guérin-Méneville, 1844
  - Plenoculus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1893
    - Plenoculus beaumonti <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />de Andrade, 1957
  - Saliostethoides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Arnold, 1924
  - Saliostethus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1897
  - Sericophorus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />F. Smith, 1851
  - Solierella <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Spinola, 1851
  - Sphodrotes <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1889

Tribus Oxybelini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Leach, 1815

- - Belarnoldus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2007
  - Belokohlus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2007
  - Belomicrinus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2000
    - Belomicrus antennalis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1899
    - Belomicrus borealis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Forsius, 1923
    - Belomicrus gataensis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Gayubo, Asis & Tormos, 1998
    - Belomicrus italicus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />A. Costa, 1871
    - Belomicrus odontophorus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1892
    - Belomicrus parvulus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Radoszkowski, 1877
    - Belomicrus steckii <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1923
  - Belomicroides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1899
  - Belomicrus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />A. Costa, 1871
  - Brimocelus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Arnold, 1927
  - Enchemicrum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Pate, 1929
  - Gessus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2001
  - Guichardus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2007
  - Minimicroides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2000
  - Nototis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Arnold, 1927
  - Oxybelomorpha <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1897
  - Oxybelus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1797
  - Pseudomicroides <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 2001
    - Pseudomicroides elvirae (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Gayubo, 1982)
    - Pseudomicroides fergusoni (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Beaumont, 1960)
  - Wojus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Antropov, 1999

Tribus Palarini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Schrottky, 1909
- - Mesopalarus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Brauns, 1899
  - Palarus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1802

Tribus Trypoxylini <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845
- - Aulacophilinus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Lomholdt, 1980
  - Aulacophilus <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />F. Smith, 1869
  - Pison <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Jurine in Spinola, 1808
    - Pison atrum (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Spinola, 1808)
    - Pison carinatum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />R. Turner, 1917
    - Pison fasciatum (<templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Radoszkowski, 1876)
    - Pison sericeum <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Kohl, 1888
  - Pisonopsis <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />W. Fox, 1893
  - Pisoxylon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Menke, 1968
  - Trypoxylon <templatestyles src="Person/styles.css" />Latreille, 1796

Belege

Einzelnachweise

Literatur