imported>Sambirano: Der Mittelwert der Minima 1995-2024 beträgt -11,5°C USDA Zone Z8a

2025-03-03T17:16:49Z

Der Mittelwert der Minima 1995-2024 beträgt -11,5°C USDA Zone Z8a

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Als '''USDA-Klimazonen''', präzise ''{{lang|en|USDA Plant Hardiness Zones}}'' (‚[[Winterhart|Winterhärte]]-Zonen‘), bezeichnet man eine [[Klimaklassifikation]] von Gebieten anhand der durchschnittlichen niedrigsten Jahrestemperatur, die das amerikanische Landwirtschaftsministerium ''{{lang|en|[[United States Department of Agriculture|US Department of Agriculture]] (USDA)}}'' herausgegeben hat.

== Aufbau ==
Die Zonen reichen von ''1'' (ab −60 [[Grad Fahrenheit|°F]], ca. −51,1 [[Grad Celsius|°C]]) für [[polare Region]]en bis ''13'' (bis 70 °F, ca. 21 °C) für die [[Tropen]], jeweils in Schritten von 10 °F (≈5,5 °C).
Die Zonen können in jeweils 5 °F (≈ 2,8 °C) umfassende Halbschritte ''a'' und ''b'' unterteilt werden.

Sie sind ein internationaler Standard für die Einstufung der [[Winterhärte]] von Pflanzen. Des Weiteren existiert eine Liste von [[Zeigerpflanze|Indikator-Pflanzen]], die nach Zonen eingeteilt ist, in denen diese Pflanzen gerade noch überleben können.

Die Karte<ref name="wunderground 20170113">''[https://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/new-usda-plant-hardiness-zone-map-for-gardeners-shows-a-warming-climat.html New USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map for gardeners shows a warming climate.]'' Jeff Masters, in ''Weater Underground'', wunderground.com, 1. Februar 2012.</ref> für die USA wurde 1990 das erste Mal aufgelegt. Sie basierte auf einer Mittelungsperiode 1974–1986. Um der [[Globale Erwärmung|globalen Erwärmung]] gerecht zu werden, wurde diese Karte 2012 neu erstellt und auf die 30-Jahresperiode 1976–2005 bezogen. Dabei verschoben sich die einzelnen Zonen im Bereich weniger hundert Kilometer nach Norden, an einem Ort änderte sich die Zonierung durchschnittlich um etwa eine 5-°F-Halbzone.

=== Zonen-Einteilung ===
[[Bild:2012 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (USA).jpg|mini|hochkant=2.5|USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (USA)]]
{|
|- valign=top
|
{| class="wikitable zebra" style=text-align:center
|-
! colspan="4" | USDA-Zonen
|-
! style="width:70px" | Zone !! style="width:70px" | von °C
! style="width:70px" |bis °C!! style="width:70px" | bis °F
|-
! 1a
| −51,1 °C || −48,3 °C || −55 °F
|-
! 1b
| −48,3 °C || −45,6 °C || −50 °F
|-
! 2a
| −45,5 °C || −42,8 °C || −45 °F
|-
! 2b
| −42,7 °C || −40,0 °C || −40 °F
|-
! 3a
| −39,9 °C || −37,3 °C || −35 °F
|-
! 3b
| −37,2 °C || −34,5 °C || −30 °F
|-
! 4a
| −34,4 °C || −31,7 °C || −25 °F
|-
! 4b
| −31,6 °C || −28,9 °C || −20 °F
|-
! 5a
| −28,8 °C || −26,2 °C || −15 °F
|-
! 5b
| −26,1 °C || −23,4 °C || −10 °F
|-
! 6a
| −23,3 °C || −20,5 °C || −5 °F
|-
! 6b
| −20,4 °C || −17,8 °C || 0 °F
|-
! 7a
| −17,7 °C || −15,0 °C || +5 °F
|-
! 7b
| −14,9 °C || −12,3 °C || +10 °F
|}
|
{| class="wikitable zebra" style=text-align:center
|-
! colspan="4" | USDA-Zonen
|-
! style="width:70px" | Zone !! style="width:70px" | von °C
! style="width:70px" |bis °C!! style="width:70px" | bis °F
|-
! 8a
| −12,2 °C || −9,5 °C || +15 °F
|-
! 8b
| −9,4 °C || −6,7 °C || +20 °F
|-
! 9a
| −6,6 °C || −3,9 °C || +25 °F
|-
! 9b
| −3,8 °C || −1,2 °C || +30 °F
|-
! 10a
| −1,1 °C || +1,6 °C || +35 °F
|-
! 10b
| +1,7 °C || +4,4 °C || +40 °F
|-
! 11a
| +4,5 °C || +7,2 °C || +45 °F
|-
! 11b
| +7,2 °C || +10,0 °C || +50 °F
|-
! 12a
| +10,0 °C || +12,8 °C || +55 °F
|-
! 12b
| +12,8 °C || +15,6 °C || +60 °F
|-
! 13a
| +15,6 °C || +18,3 °C || +65 °F
|-
! 13b
| +18,3 °C || +21,1 °C || +70 °F
|}
|}

== Regionales ==
=== Zonen in den Vereinigten Staaten ===
==== Ausgewählte US-amerikanische Städte ====
Die folgende Tabelle enthält USDA-Klimazonen Daten für ausgewählte US-amerikanische Städte:<ref>{{Cite web|title=USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map of the USA Finder|url=https://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=usda.gov|language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! style="width:250px;"|Stadt
!width="125"|Zone
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] || '''7b'''
|-
| [[Anchorage|Anchorage, Alaska]] || '''4b/5a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Atlanta|Atlanta, Georgia]] || '''8a'''
|-
| [[Baltimore|Baltimore, Maryland]] || '''7b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Boston|Boston, Massachusetts]] || '''6b/7a'''
|-
| [[Buffalo|Buffalo, New York]] || '''6a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Burlington (Vermont)|Burlington, Vermont]] || '''5a'''
|-
| [[Charleston (South Carolina)|Charleston, South Carolina]] || '''8b/9a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Charleston (West Virginia)|Charleston, West Virginia]] || '''6b'''
|-
| [[Chicago, Illinois]] || '''6a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Charlotte (North Carolina)|Charlotte, North Carolina]] || '''7b/8a'''
|-
| [[Chattanooga (Tennessee)|Chattanooga, Tennessee]] || '''7a/7b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Columbus, Ohio]] || '''6a'''
|-
| [[Dallas|Dallas, Texas]] || '''8a/8b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Denver|Denver, Colorado]] || '''5b/6a'''
|-
| [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]] || '''6b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Fairbanks|Fairbanks, Alaska]] || '''2a'''
|-
| [[Hartford (Connecticut)|Hartford, Connecticut]] || '''6b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Honolulu|Honolulu, Hawaii]] || '''12b'''
|-
| [[Houston|Houston, Texas]] || '''9a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Indianapolis| Indianapolis, Indiana]] || '''5b/6a'''
|-
|[[Juneau|Juneau, Alaska]]||'''6b/7a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Kansas City (Missouri)|Kansas City, Missouri]]||'''6a/6b'''
|-
|[[Las Vegas|Las Vegas, Nevada]]||'''9a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Los Angeles|Los Angeles, Kalifornien]]||'''10a/10b/11a'''
|-
|[[Memphis, Tennessee]]||'''7b/8a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Miami|Miami, Florida]]||'''11a/11b'''
|-
|[[Minneapolis|Minneapolis, Minnesota]]||'''4b/5a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Nashville|Nashville, Tennessee]]||'''7a'''
|-
|[[New Orleans|New Orleans, Louisiana]]
|'''9b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
| [[New York City|New York, New York]] || '''7a/7b'''
|-
| [[Norfolk, Virginia]]|| '''8a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Oklahoma City|Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]]
|'''7a'''
|-
|[[Omaha|Omaha, Nebraska]]
|'''5b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Orlando (Florida)|Orlando, Florida]]
|'''9b'''
|-
|[[Panama City Beach|Panama City Beach, Florida]]
|'''9a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Philadelphia|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
|'''7a/7b'''
|-
|[[Phoenix (Arizona)|Phoenix, Arizona]]
|'''9b/10a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Pierre (South Dakota)|Pierre, South Dakota]]
|'''4b/5a'''
|-
|[[Pittsburgh|Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]]
|'''6b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Pocatello|Pocatello, Idaho]]
|'''5b'''
|-
|[[Portland (Maine)|Portland, Maine]]
|'''5b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Portland, Oregon]]
|'''8b/9a'''
|-
|[[Providence (Rhode Island)|Providence, Rhode Island]]
|'''6b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Quad Cities|Quad Cities, Iowa/Illinois]]
|'''5b'''
|-
|[[Raleigh (North Carolina)|Raleigh, North Carolina]]
|'''7b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Reno (Nevada)|Reno, Nevada]]
|'''6b'''
|-
|[[Roanoke|Roanoke, Virginia]]
|'''7a/7b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Sacramento|Sacramento, Kalifornien]]
|'''9b'''
|-
|[[Salt Lake City|Salt Lake City, Utah]]
|'''7a/7b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[San Antonio|San Antonio, Texas]]
|'''8b/9a'''
|-
|[[San Diego|San Diego, Kalifornien]]
|'''10b/11a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[San Francisco|San Francisco, Kalifornien]]
|'''10a/10b'''
|-
|[[San Gabriel (Kalifornien)|San Gabriel, Kalifornien]]
|'''10a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[San Jose, California]]
|'''9b/10a'''
|-
|[[San Juan (Puerto Rico)|San Juan, Puerto Rico]]
|'''12b/13a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Savannah (Georgia)|Savannah, Georgia]]
|'''8b'''
|-
|[[Seattle|Seattle, Washington]]
|'''8b/9a'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Tampa|Tampa, Florida]]
|'''9b/10a'''
|-
|[[Tucson|Tucson, Arizona]]
|'''9b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Tuscaloosa|Tuscaloosa, Alabama]]
|'''8a'''
|-
|[[Utqiaġvik|Utqiaġvik, Alaska]]
|'''2b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Washington, D.C.]]
|'''7a/7b'''
|-
|[[Wichita (Kansas)|Wichita, Kansas]]
|'''6b'''
|-style="background:#efefef;"
|}

=== Zonen in Europa ===
Das [[Flachland]] von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz liegt in den Zonen 6–7, der [[Alpenraum]] in den Zonen 5–6, wobei die [[Hochalpen]] den Zonen 4–5 zuzuordnen sind. Vereinzelte Gebiete mit mildem Klima wie das [[Rheinland]], Küstenregionen [[Niedersachsen]]s und [[Schleswig-Holstein]]s auf Grund des [[Golfstrom]]s, ebenso [[Bremen]] und [[Hamburg]], oder Gegenden um den [[Genfersee|Genfer-]] und den [[Bodensee]] können den Zonen 7 a bis 8 a, die Insel [[Helgoland]] der Zone 8 b zugeordnet werden. Mit der [[Globale Erwärmung|Klimaerwärmung]] deutet sich eine Verschiebung der einzelnen Zonen an, insbesondere seit 2015 um teilweise mehr als eine Zone.<ref>https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/klimaatlas/klimaatlas_node.html?selectedSektorId=2</ref>

==== Ausgewählte europäische Städte ====
Die folgende Tabelle enthält USDA-Klimazonen Daten für ausgewählte europäische Städte:
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! style="width:250px;" |Stadt
! width="125" |Zone
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Alicante|Alicante, Spanien]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Spain Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-spain-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''10a'''
|-
| [[Amsterdam|Amsterdam, Niederlande]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Netherlands Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-netherlands-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-31|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''8b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Barcelona|Barcelona, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />|| '''9b/10a'''
|-
| [[Belgrad|Belgrad, Serbien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Serbia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-serbia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7b/8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Bratislava|Bratislava, Slowakei]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Slovakia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-slovakia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7a/7b'''
|-
| [[Bukarest|Bukarest, Rumänien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Romania Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-romania-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7a/7b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Catania|Catania, Italien]]<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Italy Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-italy-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''9b/10a'''
|-
| [[Dublin|Dublin, Irland]]<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Plant Cold Hardiness Zone Map of the British Isles|url=http://www.trebrown.com/hrdzone.html|access-date=2021-05-30|website=www.trebrown.com}}</ref>|| '''8b/9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Edinburgh|Edinburgh, Schottland]]<ref name=":2" />|| '''8a/8b'''
|-
| [[Glasgow|Glasgow, Schottland]]<ref name=":2" />|| '''8b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Helsinki|Helsinki, Finnland]]<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Finland Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-finland-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''6a/6b'''
|-
| [[Kaliningrad|Kaliningrad, Russland]]<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|title=Russia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-russia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''6b/7a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Krakau|Krakau, Polen]]<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Poland Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-poland-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''6b/7a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Konstanz|Konstanz, Deutschland]]<ref name=":14" /> || '''8a/8b'''
|-
| [[Ljubljana|Ljubljana, Slowenien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Slovenia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-slovenia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7b'''
|-
| [[Madrid|Madrid, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />|| '''9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Manchester|Manchester, England]]<ref name=":2" />|| '''8b'''
|-
| [[Mailand|Mailand, Italien]]<ref name=":5" />|| '''9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Moskau|Moskau, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />|| '''5a'''
|-
| [[Murmansk|Murmansk, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />|| '''4a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Newcastle upon Tyne|Newcastle, England]]<ref name=":2" />|| '''8a/8b'''
|-
| [[Simferopol|Simferopol, Ukraine]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Page 3 : USDA ARS|url=https://www.ars.usda.gov/midwest-area/ames/plant-introduction-research/home/maps/page-3/|access-date=2021-05-30|website=www.ars.usda.gov}}</ref>|| '''6b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Paris|Paris, Frankreich]]<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=France Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-france-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''8b/9a'''
|-
| [[Portsmouth|Portsmouth, England]]<ref name=":2" />|| '''9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Prag|Prag, Tschechien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Czech Republic Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-czech-republic-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7a/7b'''
|-
| [[Riga|Riga, Lettland]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Latvia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-latvia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''6b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Rovaniemi|Rovaniemi, Finnland]]<ref name=":7" />|| '''4a'''
|-
| [[Sarajevo|Sarajevo, Bosnien und Herzegowina]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-bosnia-and-herzegovina-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7a/7b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Palermo|Palermo, Italien]]<ref name=":5" />|| '''10b/11a'''
|-
| [[Sotschi|Sotschi, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />|| '''9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Stockholm|Stockholm, Schweden]]<ref name=":13">{{Cite web|title=Sweden Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-sweden-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7a/7b'''
|-
| [[Tallinn|Tallinn, Estland]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Estonia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-estonia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''6a/6b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Tuapse|Tuapse, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />|| '''8b'''
|-
| [[Trondheim|Trondheim, Norwegen]]<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=Norway Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=http://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-norway-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Valencia|Valencia, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />|| '''10a'''
|-
| [[Wien|Wien, Österreich]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Austria Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-austria-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>|| '''7b/8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Workuta|Workuta, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />|| '''2a/2b'''
|-
| [[Breslau|Breslau, Polen]]<ref name=":6" />|| '''6b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
| [[Saragossa|Saragossa, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />|| '''9b'''
|-
|[[Almería|Almería, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />
|'''10b/11a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Antwerpen|Antwerpen, Belgien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Belgium Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-belgium-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''8a'''
|-
|[[Belfast|Belfast, Nordirland]]<ref name=":2" />
|'''8a/8b/9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Berlin|Berlin, Deutschland]]<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Wetter und Klima - Deutscher Wetterdienst - Climate Atlas|url=https://www.dwd.de/EN/climate_environment/climateatlas/climateatlas_node.html|access-date=2021-05-30|website=www.dwd.de|language=en}}</ref>
|'''7a'''
|-
|[[Birmingham|Birmingham, England]]<ref name=":2" />
|'''8b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Cardiff|Cardiff, Wales]]<ref name=":2" />
|'''8b/9a'''
|-
|[[Kopenhagen|Kopenhagen, Dänemark]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Denmark Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-denmark-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''8a/8b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Düsseldorf|Düsseldorf, Deutschland]]<ref name=":3" />
|'''8a'''
|-
|[[Danzig|Danzig, Polen]]<ref name=":6" />
|'''6b/7a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Hamburg|Hamburg, Deutschland]]<ref name=":14" />
|'''8a'''
|-
|[[Istanbul|Istanbul, Türkei]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bitki Soğuğa ve Sıcağa Dayanıklılık|url=https://www.mgm.gov.tr/tarim/bitki-soguga-ve-sicaga-dayaniklilik.aspx|access-date=2021-05-30|website=www.mgm.gov.tr}}</ref>
|'''8a/8b/9a/9b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Kasos|Kasos, Griechenland]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Alexandros-Filadelfeia|title=Οι περιοχές με τους ηπιότερους χειμώνες στην Ελλάδα|url=https://www.meteoclub.gr/themata/egkyklopaideia/perioxes-me-tous-hpioterous-xeimones-stin-ellada|access-date=2021-05-30|website=meteoclub.gr|language=el}}</ref>
|'''11b'''
|-
|[[Lissabon|Lissabon, Portugal]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Portugal Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-portugal-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''10a/10b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[A Coruña|A Coruña, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />
|'''10a/10b'''
|-
|[[London|London, England]]<ref name=":2" />
|'''8b/9a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Málaga|Málaga, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />
|'''9b/10a'''
|-
|[[Marseille|Marseille, Frankreich]]<ref name=":11" />
|'''9a/9b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Minsk|Minsk, Belarus]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Belarus Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-belarus-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''5a/5b'''
|-
|[[München|München, Deutschland]]<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":14">{{Cite web|title=Germany Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-germany-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2024-12-28|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''6b'''/'''7a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Nikosia|Nikosia, Zypern]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cyprus Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-cyprus-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''9b'''
|-
|[[Oslo|Oslo, Norwegen]]<ref name=":12" />
|'''7a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Palma de Mallorca|Palma de Mallorca, Spanien]]<ref name=":1" />
|'''9b'''
|-
|[[Plymouth|Plymouth, England]]<ref name=":2" />
|'''9a/9b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Posen|Posen, Polen]]<ref name=":6" />
|'''6b'''
|-
|[[Reykjavík|Reykjavík, Island]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Iceland Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-iceland-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''7b/8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Rom|Rom, Italien]]<ref name=":5" />
|'''9b'''
|-
|[[Sankt Petersburg|Sankt Petersburg, Russland]]<ref name=":8" />
|'''5a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Santander|Santander, Spanien]]<ref name=":8" />
|'''10a/10b'''
|-
|[[Simrishamn|Simrishamn, Schweden]]<ref name=":13" />
|'''8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Sofia|Sofia, Bulgarien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bulgaria Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-bulgaria-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''6b/7a'''
|-
|[[Straßburg|Straßburg, Frankreich]]<ref name=":11" />
|'''8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Thessaloniki|Thessaloniki, Griechenland]]<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Greek Plant Hardiness Zones|url=http://hardiness.inforest.gr/|access-date=2021-05-30|website=hardiness.inforest.gr}}</ref>
|'''8b/9a'''
|-
|[[Tromsø|Tromsø, Norwegen]]<ref name=":12" />
|'''7a/7b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Umeå|Umeå, Schweden]]<ref name=":13" />
|'''5a/5b'''
|-
|[[Valletta|Valletta, Malta]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malta Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://plantmaps.com/interactive-malta-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''10b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Vilnius|Vilnius, Litauen]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lithuania Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-lithuania-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''6a'''
|-
|[[Warschau|Warschau, Polen]]<ref name=":6" />
|'''6b'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|[[Zagreb|Zagreb, Kroatien]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Croatia Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-croatia-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''7b/8a'''
|-
|[[Zürich|Zürich, Schweiz]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Switzerland Interactive Plant Hardiness Zone Map|url=https://www.plantmaps.com/interactive-switzerland-plant-hardiness-zone-map-celsius.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-30|website=plantmaps.com|language=en}}</ref>
|'''7b/8a'''
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|}

== Weblinks ==
{{Commonscat|Hardiness zone maps|Hardiness zones}}
* [http://planthardiness.ars.usda.gov/PHZMWeb/ USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map]; [http://www.usna.usda.gov/Hardzone/ushzmap.html USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map], beide usna.usda.gov (engl., Theorie und Karte der USA)
* [http://www.tropenland.at/trp/cont/exotenKlima/usda-zone/usda-zonen-karte-europa.asp USDA-Zonen/Übersicht für Europa], tropenland.at
* [http://www.garten-pur.de/127/Garten-pur_Portal/Gartenjahr/Klimazonen_und_Winterhaerte.htm Winterhärte in Deutschland und Anrainerstaaten / Erläuterungen und Karte mit Halbzonen], garten-pur.de

== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />

[[Kategorie:Klima|Usda-Klimazonen]]
[[Kategorie:Regionales Gliederungssystem]]
[[Kategorie:Agrarwissenschaft]]
[[Kategorie:Agrargeographie]]
[[Kategorie:Geobotanik]]
[[Kategorie:Temperaturmessung]]

USDA-Klimazonen - Versionsgeschichte

imported>Sambirano: Der Mittelwert der Minima 1995-2024 beträgt -11,5°C USDA Zone Z8a