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Das Feld '''Protokoll''' ('''''protocol''''') im [[IP-Header|IPv4-Header]] gibt an, zu welchem [[Netzwerkprotokoll|Protokoll]] (auch „Folgeprotokoll“ genannt) die im betreffenden [[IP-Paket|IPv4-Paket]] transportierten [[Nutzdaten]] gehören. Das Feld ist 8 Bit breit und wird als vorzeichenlose [[Integer (Datentyp)|Ganzzahl]] interpretiert. Sie kann daher Werte von 0 bis 255 ([[Dezimalsystem|dezimal]]) aufnehmen. Die Werte waren im <nowiki>RFC 1700</nowiki><ref>{{RFC-Internet |RFC=1700 |Titel=Assigned Numbers |Datum=1994-10}} </ref> festgelegt. Seit 2002 wurde durch <nowiki>RFC 3232</nowiki><ref>{{RFC-Internet |RFC=3232 |Titel=Assigned Numbers: <nowiki>RFC 1700</nowiki> is Replaced by an On-line Database |Datum=2002-01}}</ref> eine Online-Datenbank für Protokoll-Nummern<ref>[http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers ''Protocol Numbers''.] iana.org</ref> bei der [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority|IANA]] als aktuell definiert. Allerdings kommen in Netzen auch Protokolle vor, die (noch) nicht bei der IANA registriert sind.

Im [[IPv6|IPv6-Header]] gibt es dieses Feld ebenfalls, allerdings heißt es dort ''Next Header''. Die zulässigen Werte sind die gleichen wie beim Feld ''protocol'' bei IPv4.

== Protokollnummern ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Protokollnummer || Protokoll
|-
| 0 || HOPOPT ([[IPv6]] [[Hop (Netzwerktechnologie)|Hop]]-by-Hop Option)
|-
| 1 || [[Internet Control Message Protocol|ICMP]] (Internet Control Message Protocol)
|-
| 2 || [[Internet Group Management Protocol|IGMP]] (Internet Group Management Protocol)
|-
| 3 || GGP (Gateway-to-Gateway)
|-
| 4 || [[Internet Protocol|IP]] (IP in IP (encapsulation))
|-
| 5 || Stream
|-
| 6 || [[Transmission Control Protocol|TCP]] (Transmission Control Protocol)
|-
| 7 || CBT (Core Based Trees)
|-
| 8 || [[Exterior-Gateway-Protokoll|EGP]] (Exterior Gateway Protocol)
|-
| 9 || [[Interior Gateway Protocol|IGP]] (any private interior gateway)
|-
| 10 || BBN-RCC-MON (BBN RCC Monitoring)
|-
| 11 || NVP-II (Network Voice Protocol)
|-
| 12 || PUP
|-
| 13 || ARGUS
|-
| 14 || EMCON
|-
| 15 || XNET (Cross Net Debugger)
|-
| 16 || CHAOS
|-
| 17 || [[User Datagram Protocol|UDP]] (User Datagram Protocol)
|-
| 18 || [[Multiplexverfahren|Multiplexing]]
|-
| 19 || DCN-MEAS (DCN Measurement Subsystems)
|-
| 20 || HMP (Host Monitoring)
|-
| 21 || PRM (Packet Radio Measurement)
|-
| 22 || XNS-IDP (XEROX NS IDP)
|-
| 23 || TRUNK-1
|-
| 24 || TRUNK-2
|-
| 25 || LEAF-1
|-
| 26 || LEAF-2
|-
| 27 || [[Reliable Data Protocol|RDP]] (Reliable Data Protocol)
|-
| 28 || [[Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol|IRTP]] (Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol)
|-
| 29 || ISO-TP4 (ISO Transport Protocol Class 4)
|-
| 30 || NETBLT (Bulk Data Transfer Protocol)
|-
| 31 || MFE-NSP (MFE Network Services Protocol)
|-
| 32 || MERIT-INP (MERIT Internodal Protocol)
|-
| 33 || [[Datagram Congestion Control Protocol|DCCP]] (Datagram Congestion Control Protocol)
|-
| 34 || 3PC (Third Party Connect Protocol)
|-
| 35 || IDPR (Inter-Domain Policy Routing Protocol)
|-
| 36 || XTP
|-
| 37 || [[Datagram Delivery Protocol|DDP]] (Datagram Delivery Protocol)
|-
| 38 || IDPR-CMTP (IDPR Control Message Transport Proto)
|-
| 39 || TP++ (TP++ Transport Protocol)
|-
| 40 || IL (IL Transport Protocol)
|-
| 41 || [[6in4]] Verkapselung von [[IPv6]]- in [[IPv4]]-Pakete
|-
| 42 || SDRP (Source Demand Routing Protocol)
|-
| 43 || IPv6-Route (Routing Header for [[IPv6]])
|-
| 44 || IPv6-Frag (Fragment Header for [[IPv6]])
|-
| 45 || IDRP (Inter-Domain Routing Protocol)
|-
| 46 || [[Resource Reservation Protocol|RSVP]] (Resource Reservation Protocol)
|-
| 47 || [[Generic Routing Encapsulation|GRE]] (Generic Routing Encapsulation)
|-
| 48 || MHRP (Mobile Host Routing Protocol)
|-
| 49 || BNA
|-
| 50 || [[Encapsulating Security Payload|ESP]] (Encapsulating Security Payload)
|-
| 51 || [[IPSec#Authentication Header (AH)|AH]] (Authentication Header)
|-
| 52 || I-NLSP (Integrated Net Layer Security TUBA)
|-
| 53 || SWIPE (IP with Encryption)
|-
| 54 || NARP (NBMA Address Resolution Protocol)
|-
| 55 || MOBILE (IP Mobility)
|-
| 56 || TLSP (Transport Layer Security Protocol)
|-
| 57 || SKIP
|-
| 58 || [[Internet Control Message Protocol V6|IPv6-ICMP]] (ICMP for [[IPv6]])
|-
| 59 || IPv6-NoNxt (Kein nächster [[Header]] für [[IPv6]])
|-
| 60 || IPv6-Opts (Destination Options for [[IPv6]])
|-
| 61 || Jedes [[Host (Informationstechnik)|Host]]-interne Protokoll
|-
| 62 || CFTP
|-
| 63 || Jedes lokale Netz
|-
| 64 || SAT-EXPAK (SATNET and Backroom EXPAK)
|-
| 65 || KRYPTOLAN
|-
| 66 || RVD (MIT Remote Virtual Disk Protocol)
|-
| 67 || IPPC (Internet Pluribus Packet Core)
|-
| 68 || Jedes verteilte Dateisystem
|-
| 69 || SAT-MON (SATNET Monitoring)
|-
| 70 || VISA
|-
| 71 || IPCV (Internet Packet Core Utility)
|-
| 72 || CPNX (Computer Protocol Network Executive)
|-
| 73 || CPHB (Computer Protocol Heart Beat)
|-
| 74 || WSN (Wang Span Network)
|-
| 75 || PVP (Packet Video Protocol)
|-
| 76 || BR-SAT-MON (Backroom SATNET Monitoring)
|-
| 77 || SUN-ND (SUN ND PROTOCOL-Temporary)
|-
| 78 || WB-MON (WIDEBAND Monitoring)
|-
| 79 || WB-EXPAK (WIDEBAND EXPAK)
|-
| 80 || ISO-IP (ISO [[Internet Protocol]])
|-
| 81 || VMTP
|-
| 82 || SECURE-VMTP
|-
| 83 || VINES
|-
| 84 || [[Time-Triggered Protocol|TTP]]
|-
| 85 || NSFNET-IGP (NSFNET-[[Interior Gateway Protocol|IGP]])
|-
| 86 || DGP (Dissimilar Gateway Protocol)
|-
| 87 || TCF
|-
| 88 || [[Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol|EIGRP]] (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)
|-
| 89 || [[Open Shortest Path First|OSPF]]
|-
| 90 || Sprite-RPC (Sprite [[Remote Procedure Call|RPC]] Protocol)
|-
| 91 || LARP (Locus Address Resolution Protocol)
|-
| 92 || MTP (Multicast Transport Protocol)
|-
| 93 || [[AX.25]] (AX.25 Frames)
|-
| 94 || IPIP (IP-within-IP Encapsulation Protocol)
|-
| 95 || MICP (Mobile Internetworking Control Pro.)
|-
| 96 || SCC-SP (Semaphore Communications Sec. Pro.)
|-
| 97 || ETHERIP (Ethernet-within-IP Encapsulation)
|-
| 98 || ENCAP (Encapsulation Header)
|-
| 99 || Jeder private Verschlüsselungsentwurf
|-
| 100 || GMTP
|-
| 101 || IFMP (Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol)
|-
| 102 || PNNI (over [[Internet Protocol|IP]])
|-
| 103 || PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast)
|-
| 104 || ARIS
|-
| 105 || SCPS
|-
| 106 || [[QNX]]
|-
| 107 || A/N (Active Networks)
|-
| 108 || IPComp (IP Payload Compression Protocol)
|-
| 109 || SNP (Sitara Networks Protocol)
|-
| 110 || Compaq-Peer (Compaq Peer Protocol)
|-
| 111 || IPX-in-IP ([[Internetwork Packet Exchange|IPX]] in [[Internet Protocol|IP]])
|-
| 112 || [[Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol|VRRP]] (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)
|-
| 113 || PGM (PGM Reliable Transport Protocol)
|-
| 114 || any 0-hop protocol
|-
| 115 || [[Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol|L2TP]] (Layer Two Tunneling Protocol)
|-
| 116 || DDX (D-II Data Exchange (DDX))
|-
| 117 || IATP (Interactive Agent Transfer Protocol)
|-
| 118 || STP (Schedule Transfer Protocol)
|-
| 119 || SRP (SpectraLink Radio Protocol)
|-
| 120 || UTI
|-
| 121 || SMP (Simple Message Protocol)
|-
| 122 || SM
|-
| 123 || [[Performance Transparency Protocol|PTP]] (Performance Transparency Protocol)
|-
| 124 || [[IS-IS|ISIS]] over [[IPv4]]
|-
| 125 || FIRE
|-
| 126 || CRTP (Combat Radio Transport Protocol)
|-
| 127 || CRUDP (Combat Radio User Datagram)
|-
| 128 || SSCOPMCE
|-
| 129 || IPLT
|-
| 130 || SPS (Secure Packet Shield)
|-
| 131 || PIPE (Private IP Encapsulation within IP)
|-
| 132 || [[Stream Control Transmission Protocol|SCTP]] (Stream Control Transmission Protocol)
|-
| 133 || [[Fibre Channel|FC]] (Fibre Channel)
|-
| 134 || RSVP-E2E-IGNORE
|-
| 135 || Mobility Header
|-
| 136 || UDPLite
|-
| 137 || MPLS-in-IP
|-
| 138 || manet (MANET Protocols)
|-
| 139 || HIP ([[Host Identity Protocol]])
|-
| 140 || Shim6 (Shim6 Protocol)
|-
| 141 || WESP (Wrapped Encapsulating Security Payload)
|-
| 142 || [[ROHC]] (Robust Header Compression)
|-
| 143–252 || Nicht belegt
|-
| 253–254 || Wird für Experimente und Tests verwendet
|-
| 255 || Reserviert
|}

== Weblinks ==
* [http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers Protocol Numbers.] [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] (IANA)
* {{RFC-Internet |RFC=1700 |Titel=Assigned Numbers |Datum=1994-10 |Kommentar=section ''Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers''}}
* {{RFC-Internet |RFC=3232 |Titel=Assigned Numbers: <nowiki>RFC 1700</nowiki> is Replaced by an On-line Database |Datum=2002-01}}
* {{RFC-Internet |RFC=8200 |Titel=Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6) Specification |Datum=2017-07}}
* {{RFC-Internet |RFC=791 |Titel=Internet Protocol – Darpa Internet Program Protocol Specification |Datum=1981-09}}

== Einzelnachweise ==
<references />

[[Kategorie:Internet Protocol]]

Protokoll (IP) - Versionsgeschichte

imported>PerfektesChaos: tk k