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<p><b>Neue Seite</b></p><div>'''Bento de Góis''', auch ''Bento de Goes'' und ''Benedikt Goës'', (* Juli [[1562]] in [[Vila Franca do Campo]], [[Azoren]]; † [[11. April]] [[1607]] in [[Suzhou (Jiuquan)|Suzhou]]) war ein [[Portugiesen|portugiesischer]] [[Jesuit]] und [[Missionar]] und [[Entdecker]] in [[Asien]].<br />
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[[Datei:Gois.jpg|mini|300px|Bento de Góis, Bildnis in Loyola (Spanien).]]<br />
== Leben ==<br />
Bento de Góis durchzog zwischen 1602 und 1607 von [[Agra (Indien)|Agra]] aus unter dem Namen Abdallah von Indien durch Hochasien. Er besuchte dabei [[Kabul]] und [[Kaschgar (Stadt)|Kaschgar]], stieg mit der jährlich nach China abgehenden [[Karawane]] über die [[Steppe]] des [[Pamir (Gebirge)|Pamir]] und nach [[Yarkant]]. Ende 1605 erreichte er über [[Aksu (Stadt)|Aksu]] den Ort [[Karaschahr]], wo er erfuhr, dass [[Matteo Ricci]] in [[Cathay]] lebte. Damit hatte er zu seiner Verwunderung entdeckt, dass Cathay und China ein und dasselbe Land bezeichneten. Goës war ebenso wie Ricci stark astronomisch interessiert und beschrieb im Schriftwechsel mit diesem als einer der ersten den Lichtwechsel von [[Algol (Stern)|Algol]] im Sternbild Perseus (Beta Persei). Goes ging weiter nach Suzhou (in Gansu).<br />
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Hier wurde er mehr als ein Jahr durch die [[Muslim]]e bedrängt und wohl auch körperlich attackiert, bevor Ricci ihm Unterstützung bringen konnte. Er erlag hier im März oder April 1607 seinen Entbehrungen. Alle seine Güter, einschließlich sogar seiner [[Tagebuch|Tagebücher]], wurden von den Muslimen geplündert.<br />
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Sein Begleiter, der [[Armenier]] Isaak, erreichte glücklich China und gab einen genauen Bericht über die Reise an die Missionare in [[Peking]]. Der Reisebericht findet sich in ''[[Nicolas Trigault|Nic. Trigautii]] de expeditione Christiana apud Sinas, suscepta a soc. Jesu'' ([[Leiden (Stadt)|Leiden]] 1616).<br />
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== Literatur ==<br />
* Father [[Fernao Guerreiro]], S.J: ''Jahangir and the Jesuits: trans. C.H. Payne with an account of the Travels of Benedict Goes and the Mission of Pegu.'' New Delhi, India Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 1997<br />
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<!--www.zvab.de:The first part of the present work gives an account of the Jesuit Missions to the court of Jahangir. Part two and three contain the accounts of Benedict Goes, and of the Portuguese occupation of Pegu. All three parts are based almost exclusively on the Relations of Father Fernao Gurreiro, which constitutes a complete history the missionary undertakings of the Society of Jesus in the East Indies, China, Japan, and Africa, during the first nine years of the seventeenth century. The work was compiled from the annual letters and reports sent to Europe from the various missionary centres as Jesuit Fathers did not profess to write history.--><br />
* [[Nicolas Trigault]]: Histoire de l'expedition Chrestienne au royaume de la Chine, entreprinse par les PP. de la compagnie de Iesus, comprinse en cinq livres, esquels est traicte fort exactement et fidelement des moeurs, loix, & coustumes du pays, & des commencemens tres-difficiles de l'eglise naissante en ce royaume. Tiree des commentaires du Matthieu Riccius, et nouvellement traduicte en francois par D. F. de Riquebourg-Trigault. Lyons, for Horace Cardon, 1616<br />
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<!--www.zvab.de:8vo. Contemporary overlapping vellum, red sprinkled edges. With richly engraved allegorical title and full-page engraved portrait of prince Philippe Guillaume of Orange, both signed by J. de Fornazeris, and large folding plan of the palace in the suburbs of Peking presented by the king of China to the Jesuits in 1610. (40), 1096 pp.<br />
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First French edition of one of the most important and earliest works on China ever published in Europe. It contains the diary of the pioneer Jesuit missionary in China, Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), edited and brought up-to-date by Ricci's successor to the Chinese Mission, the Flemish Jesuit Nicolas Trigault (1577-1628). When Ricci arrived in China in 1582 he soon realized that the only way to convert the Chinese was to adapt as much as possible to Chinese life. He learned the Chinese language and took a Chinese name. He also sought the friendship of the Chinese Confucian scholars, and studied Chinese literature and science. So he obtained official permission to settle near Canton, and finally after some more settlements in Nanchang, 1595, and in Nanjing, 1599, he received Imperial permission to establish a post in Peking, in 1610. All those years Ricci kept a journal, presenting a history of the Jesuit mission in China from its beginning in 1582 to his death in 1610, the same year Trigault arrived at Peking. The diary itself contains already a wealth of information on China, but it is also preceeded by eleven chapters describing Chinese geography, people, laws, government, customs, religion, learning, commerce, etc. When Trigault returned to Europe in 1613, he translated Ricci's manuscript into Latin, and enlarged it with information from other sources, such as the reports by the Portugese Jesuits Longobardo, Vagnone and Cattaneo of their own stays in China, with extracts from the usual annual letters for the years 1610 and 1611 by Father Sabatino de Ursis, etc., as well as by his own comments and observations. When Trigault's book was published it shook Europe. Never before had such well organized and accurate information about China been available. It opened the door to China which had been closed since Marco Polo, and just like Ricci had introduced Euclid to China, so his journal introduced Confucius to Europe. Ricci and Trigault's account of China was undoubtedly most influencial on cultural life and philosophical thought in Europe, opening up a new, mysterious and until then virtually unknown world. Suddenly Europe became aware for the first time of the existance of another highly civilized vast part of the globe. The book was first published in Latin at Augsburg in 1615, and first in French at Lyons in 1616. A second french edition was published already a year later at Lille, in 1617. The French translation was made by Trigault's nephew, Riquebourg-Trigault, physician to Philippe Guillaume of Orange - the Roman-Catholic brother of William I 'The Silent' of Nassau -, to which the Lyon-edition is dedicated. The work was almost immediately famous; it was republished numerous times and translated in most European languages. First editions, however, are rare, especially this first French edition including the portrait.<br />
Good copy.- (Binding sl. rubbed; folding plan with clean tear & sl. wrinkled; some insignificant staining at places).<br />
Cordier, Sinica, 810; De Backer-Sommervogel VIII, 240; Lust 839; Morrison II, 258; Europa und die Kaiser von China, 3/21 (Latin ed. of 1615); Streit V, 2094 (idem); J. Gernet, China and the Christian Impact (1985), p. 7; L. J. Callagher, China in the sixteenth century (1953), p. XXVII ff.; Donald F. Lach, Asia in the Making of Europe I, 2, p. 801 ff.<br />
--><br />
* [[Henry Yule]]: "The Journey of Benedict Goes from Agra to Cathay (1602-1607)", in: Henry Yule & Henri Cordier: ''Cathay and the Way Thither; Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China.'' New Edition, Revised Throughout in the Light of Recent Discoveries. Second edition. Hakluyt Society. Second Series. Vols. XLI. London: The Hakluyt Society, 1916. (Kurzgesagt: Band 4 von ''Cathay and the Way Thither.'')<br />
* Eduardo Brasão ([[Academia Portuguesa da História]], [[Real Academia de la Historia]] de [[Madrid]]): ''Em demanda do Cataio: a viagem de Bento de Goes à China (1603-1607).'' Agência Geral do Ultramar. Divisão de Publicações e Biblioteca. Lisboa 1954 (auch spätere Auflagen)<br />
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== Weblinks ==<br />
{{Commonscat}}<br />
* John W. Witek: [http://www.bdcconline.net/en/stories/g/goes-bento-de.php Bento de Goes]. In: ''Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Christianity''<br />
* [http://www.asiatravel.org/ChinaReport/Sources/History/Foreigners/Famous_Foreigners_in_Chinese_History-Bento_De_Gois-1562-1607AD.html Biografische Seite über Bento De Gois (Bento De Goes)]<br />
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{{Normdaten|TYP=p|GND=119050137|LCCN=n/88/252474|VIAF=88083298}}<br />
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{{SORTIERUNG:Gois, Bento de}}<br />
[[Kategorie:Christlicher Missionar]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Römisch-katholische Kirche in Indien]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Entdecker (17. Jahrhundert)]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Geographie (China)]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Jesuit]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Portugiese]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Geboren 1562]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Gestorben 1607]]<br />
[[Kategorie:Mann]]<br />
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{{Personendaten<br />
|NAME=Góis, Bento de<br />
|ALTERNATIVNAMEN=Goes, Bento; Goës, Benedikt<br />
|KURZBESCHREIBUNG=portugiesischer Missionar und Entdecker in Asien<br />
|GEBURTSDATUM=Juli 1562<br />
|GEBURTSORT=[[Vila Franca do Campo]]<br />
|STERBEDATUM=11. April 1607<br />
|STERBEORT=[[Suzhou (Jiuquan)|Su-tschou]]<br />
}}</div>imported>Aka